The objective of this paper is to examine how managers' cognitive values to strategic and operational management influence the enterprise performance. A review of the past literature indicated that most of the related studies were focused on the investigation of the relationships between the entrepreneur performance and strategic/operational management. However, as we know, the cognitive value of the strategic and operational management is crucial to guide the manager's behaviors. In this study, 180 managers from 60 enterprises of the fastener industry were surveyed their cognitive values of the strategic and operational management. It is interesting to find that the strategic value is more emphasized by those higher-performance enterprises. On the contrary, the operational value is more emphasized by those lower-performance enterprises. In order to further explore this research finding, 10 enterprises were randomly chosen to investigate how the systems on the strategic and operational management are built and are practiced. The result shows that the significant gaps do exist among different level of entrepreneur performance. The implications of the research findings are further discussed in the following.