Through newly discovered Cai's family documents from Jinjiang county in Quanzhou and Chiayi county in Taiwan, this essay aims to analyze different migration patterns of emigrants from Fujian coastal region to Taiwan in the Qing dynasty. The emigrants whose aim was to obtain farmland settled down quickly after their assart allowed them to cultivate the land. For those emigrants whose aim was to trade in Taiwan, their migration and settlement was comparatively more cautious and slower due to the fluid nature of conducting business. The analysis of different cross-strait emigration patterns between emigrant farmers and emigrant traders during the Qing dynasty may provide certain reference value for the study of emigration patterns in Chinese history.