台灣現代地圖學的發展，大致可分為三個階段；（一）二次大戰到1960年代，地圖學的初步發展主要仰賴外國技術與知識的傳輸，例如美國陸軍製圖局編制二萬五千分之一的台灣地形圖；（二）1960-1990年代，在此階段五所地理學系的建立與地圖學課程的設置，以及專業期刊、教科書的編寫，造就現代地圖學在台灣學術發展的環境；（三）1990年代至今，地理資訊系統與地圖學的結合，使地圖的使用更為廣泛，再加上衛星影像與網路地圖的使用，台灣的地圖學發展更加多元化。

The development of academic cartography in Taiwan is reviewed by identifying three periods. The incipient period, spanning from the Second World War to 1960s, the developments of cartography rely on the foreign technology and knowledge. An example was that the AMS drew the 1/25000 topography. The second period, from the 1960s to the 1990s, had the growth of academic cartography which included the building of programs, journals started, and the textbook edited. Finally, the third period is one of transition, where cartography has become increasingly integrated within GIS. The use of Digital map causes the development of academic cartography in Taiwan more multiplex.