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題名：心情與自我覺察對助人意向及助人行為之影響
書刊名：教育心理學報
作者：楊梵妤／張文哲
作者(外文)：Yang, Fan-yu／Chang, Wen-jer
出版日期：2010
卷期：42:2
頁次：頁339-358
主題關鍵詞：心情；自我覺察；助人行為；助人意向；Helping behavior；Helping intention；Mood；Self-awareness
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(2) 博士論文(1) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:2
  • 共同引用共同引用:33
  • 點閱點閱:166
本研究的主要目的是在探討心情與自我覺察對助人意向和助人行為的影響。實驗一及實驗二皆採二因子獨立樣本實驗設計，嘗試從反應時間的角度探討助人意向問題，並以連署和義工參與測量外顯助人行為。從這兩個實驗結果看來，呈現音樂時若涉及呈現音樂的原因，可能減弱音樂對心情的影響。而反應時間是否可以反映助人意向，須要進一步研究。實驗三係以這兩實驗為基礎。採2(心情) ×2(自我覺察) 二因子獨立樣本實驗設計。實驗三發現，一般說來，助人行為在正向心情下多於負向心情。但心情與自我覺察有交互作用。亦即，在無自我覺察狀態下，助人行為在正向心情下多於負向心情。有自我覺察時，則正負向心情在助人行為上無差異。
The purposes of this study are to investigate the effects of mood and objective self-awareness on the helping intent and explicit helping behavior. This research consists of 3 experiments. In Experiment 1, a 2 × 4 factorial design with two variations in mood (positive and negative) and four types of self-awareness (high, low, no, and interrupted) was employed. Mood variations were induced with music. The dependent variables were helping intent and helping behavior (signing a petition and working as a volunteer). No main effects or interaction effects were found. In Experiment 2, mood was induced through a recall task. A 2 × 2 factorial design with 2 mood states (happy and sad) and 2 self-awareness levels (high and low) was used. The dependent variable is the intent to help another. Neither main effects nor interaction effect was found from the results of a two-way ANOVA. In Experiment 3, mood was induced with music used in Experiment 1. But the dependent variable was measured differently. The numbers of characters the subjects agreed to write for the experimenter as help was operationalized as the degree of helping behavior. A 2 × 2 factorial design with 2 mood states (positive and negative) and 2 self-awareness levels (awareness and no awareness) was used. ANOVA revealed main effects for mood states and self-awareness. The interaction of mood and self-awareness was also found - the different effects of mood on helping behavior were found only in no self-awareness condition.
期刊論文
1.Silvia, P. J.(2002)。Self-awareness and emotional intensity。Cognition and Emotion，16(2)，195-216。  new window
2.Gueguen, N.,、De Gail, M-A.(2003)。The effects of smiling on helping behavior: Smiling and good Samaritan behavior。Communication Reports，16(2)，133-140。  new window
3.Kallgren, C. A.、Reno, R. R.、Cialdini, R. B.(2000)。A focus theory of normative conduct: When norms do and do not affect behavior。Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin，26(8)，1002-1012。  new window
4.Isen, A. M.、Levin, P. F.(1972)。Effect of feeling good on helping: Cookies and kindness。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，21，384-388。  new window
5.Donnerstein, E.、Donnerstein, M.、Munger, G.(1975)。Helping behavior as a function of pictorially induced moods。The Journal of Social Psychology，97，221-225。  new window
6.Harris, M.、Siebal, C.(1975)。Affect, aggression, and altruism。Developmental Psychology，11，623-627。  new window
7.Underwood, B., Berenson, J. F., Berenson, R., Cheng, K., Wilson, D., Kulik. J., Moore, G.,、Wenzel, G.(1977)。Attention, negative affect, and altruism: An ecological validation。Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin，3，54-58。  new window
8.Carver, C. S.(1979)。A cybernetic model of self-attention processes。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，37，1251-1281。  new window
9.Froming W.、Nasby, W.、McManus, J.(1998)。Prosocial self-schemas, self-awareness, and children’s prosocial behavior.。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，75(3)，766-777。  new window
10.Job, R. F. S.(1987)。The effect of mood on helping behavior。The Journal of Social Psychology，127(4)，323-328。  new window
11.Berkowitz, L.、Connor, W. H.(1966)。Success, failure, and social responsibility。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，4(6)，664-669。  new window
12.Scheier, M. F.,、Carver, C. S.(1977)。Self-focused attention and the experience of emotion: Attraction, repulsion, elation, and depression。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，35，625-636。  new window
13.Aderman, D.(1972)。Elation, depression, and helping behavior。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，24，91-101。  new window
14.Schachter, Stanley、Singer, Jerome E.(1962)。Cognitive, Social, and Physiological Determinants of Emotional State。Psychological Review，69(5)，379-399。  new window
15.Fried, Rona、Berkowitz, Leonard(1979)。Music hath charms ... and can influence helpfulness。Journal of Applied Social Psychology，9(3)，199-208。  new window
16.蘇清守(19900600)。國中學生的助人行為及其在道德教育上的涵義。教育心理學報，23，99-118。new window  延伸查詢new window
17.George, J. M.(1991)。State or trait: Effects of positive mood on prosocial behaviors at work。Journal of Applied Psychology，76(2)，299-307。  new window
18.Isen, Alice M.、Shalker, Thomas E.、Clark, Margaret、Karp, Lynn(1978)。Affect, Accessibility of Material in Memory, and Behavior: A Cognitive Loop?。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，36(1)，1-12。  new window
19.Berkowitz, L.(1987)。Mood, self-awareness, and willingness to help。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，52(4)，721-729。  new window
20.Mayer, F. S.、Duval, S.、Holtz, R.、Bowman, C.(1985)。Self-focus, helping request salience, felt responsibility, and helping behavior。Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin，11，133-144。  new window
21.Berkowitz, L.(1983)。Aversively stimulated aggression。American Psychologist，38，1135-1144。  new window
22.Brockner, J., Hjelle, L.,、Plant, R. W.(1985)。Self-focused attention, self-esteem, and the experience of state depression。Journal of Personality，53，425-434。  new window
23.Cialdini, R. B., Darby, B. L.,、Vincent, J. E.(1973)。Transgression and altruism: A case for hedonism。Journal of Experimental Social Psychology，9，502-516。  new window
24.Cunningham, M. R.(1979)。Weather, mood, and helping behavior: The sunshine Samaritan。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，37(11)，1947-1956。  new window
25.Duval, S.,、Lalwani, N.(1999)。Objective self-awareness and causal attributions for self standard discrepancies: Changing self or changing standards of correctness。Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin，25，1220-1229。  new window
26.Holloway, S., Tucker, L.,、Hornstein, H.(1977)。The effect of social and nonsocial information in interpersonal behavior of males: The news makes news。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，35，514-522。  new window
27.Isen, A. M.(1970)。Success, failure, attention, and reactions to others: The warm glow of success。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，15，294-301。  new window
28.Kim, I., Kwak, K., Chang, G.,、Yang, J.(1998)。Rock music and Korean adolescent's antisocial behavior。Practitioners and Teachers，106，14-18。  new window
29.Magnan, R. E.,、Hinsz, V. B.(2005)。Mood, gender, and situational influences on risk-taking advice for others。Social Behavior and Personality，33(1)，1-10。  new window
30.Mathews, K. E.,、Canon, L. K.(1975)。Environmental noise level as a determinant of helping behaviour。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，32，571-577。  new window
31.North, A. C., Tarrant, M.,、Hargreaves, D. J.(2004)。The effects of music on helping behavior: A field study。Environment and Behavior，36(2)，266-275。  new window
32.Rosenhan, D. L., Underwood, B.,、Moore, B.(1974)。Affect moderates self-gratification and altruism。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，30，546-552。  new window
33.Scheier, M. F.,、Carver, C. S.(1983)。Self-directed attention and the comparison of self with standards。Journal of Experimental Social Psychology，19，205-222。  new window
34.Silvia, P. J.(2002)。Self-awareness and the regulation of emotional intensity。Self and Identity，1，3-10。  new window
35.Veitch, R., DeWood, R.,、Bosko, K.(1977)。Radio news broadcasts: Their effects on interpersonal helping。Sociometry，40，383-386。  new window
36.Cialdini, R. B.、Darby, B. L.、Vincent, J. E.(1973)。Transgression and altruism: A case for hedonism。Journal of Experimental Social Psychology，9，502-516。  new window
37.Cunningham, M. R.(1979)。Weather, mood, and helping behavior: The sunshine Samaritan。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，37，1974-1956。  new window
38.Brockner, J.、Hjelle, L.、Plant, R. W.(1985)。Self-focused attention, self-esteem, and the experience of state depression。Journal of Personality，53，425-434。  new window
39.Berkowitz, L.(1983)。Aversively stimulated aggression。American Psychologist，38，1135-1144。  new window
40.Duval, S.、Lalwani, N.(1999)。Objective self-awareness and causal attributions for self standard discrepancies: Changing self or changing standards of correctness。Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin，25，1220-1229。  new window
41.Rosenhan, D. L.、Underwood, B.、Moore, B.(1974)。Affect moderates self-gratification and altruism。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，30(4)，546-552。  new window
42.Scheier, M. F.、Carver, C. S.(1983)。Self-directed attention and the comparison of self with standards。Journal of Experimental Social Psychology，19，205-222。  new window
43.Mathews, K. E.、Canon, L. K.(1975)。Environmental noise level as a determinant of helping behaviour。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，32，571-577。  new window
44.Silvia, P. J.(2002)。Self-awareness and the regulation of emotional intensity。Self and Identity，1，3-10。  new window
45.North, A. C.、Tarrant, M.、Hargreaves, D. J.(2004)。The effects of music on helping behavior: A field study。Environment and Behavior，36(2)，266-275。  new window
46.Holloway, S.、Tucker, L.、Hornstein, H.(1977)。The effect of social and nonsocial information in interpersonal behavior of males: The news makes news。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，35，514-522。  new window
47.Isen, A. M.(1970)。Success, failure, attention, and reactions to others: The warm glow of success。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，15，294-301。  new window
48.Kim, I.、Kwak, K.、Chang, G.、Yang, J.(1998)。Rock music and Korean adolescent's antisocial behavior。Practitioners and Teachers，106，14-18。  new window
49.Magnan, R. E.、Hinsz, V. B.(2005)。Mood, gender, and situational influences on risk-taking advice for others。Social Behavior and Personality，33(1)，1-10。  new window
50.Veitch, R.、DeWood, R.、Bosko, K.(1977)。Radio news broadcasts: Their effects on interpersonal helping。Sociometry，40，383-386。  new window
學位論文
1.鄭麗鳳(2003)。國中學生內外控信念與利社會行為之相關研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.賴敏慧(2003)。國中童軍利社會行為之研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
3.羅瑞玉(1997)。國小學生的利社會行為及其相關因素之研究(博士論文)。國立高雄師範大學。new window  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Duval, S.、Wicklund, R. A.(1972)。A theory of objective self-awareness。Academic Press。  new window
2.Carver, C. S.、Scheier, M. F.(1981)。Attention and self-regulation。New York：Springer-Verlag。  new window
3.Snyder, C. R.、Lopez, Shane J.(2002)。Handbook of Positive Psychology。Oxford University Press。  new window
4.Fishbein, M.、Ajzen, I.(1980)。Belief, Attitude, Intention, and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research。Addison-Wesley。  new window
5.Peplau, L. A.、Taylor, S. E.、Sears, D. O.(1997)。Social psychology。Prentice-Hall。  new window
 
 
 
 
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