高地訓練是增加有氧耐力最為常用的一種訓練方式，本研究目的欲探討一週1,850公尺的高地訓練對血液中紅血球生成素濃度、紅血球數量及肌肉組識氧氣飽和度的影響。募集13名的優秀長跑選手，進行一週1,850公尺的高地訓練，在高地訓練前、後及結束後一週檢測長跑選手3,000公尺耐力跑成績、血液中紅血球生成素濃度、紅血球數量及肌肉組識氧氣飽和度。本研究結果發現一週1,850公尺的高地訓練對血液中紅血球生成素濃度及紅血球數量沒有影響，但可以增加長跑選手3,000公尺耐力跑成績及肌肉組識氧氣飽和度。本實驗發現一週1,850公尺的高地訓練沒有增加血液中紅血球生成素濃度及紅血球濃度，其增加原因有可能是因為肌肉提高肌肉組識氧氣飽和程度所導致，未來可以使用肌肉組識氧氣飽和度作為訓練增進有氧能力的評估方法。

Altitude training usually considered to improve aerobic endurance capacity, but the changes in muscle oxygen saturation/efficiency with altitude training is unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of 1-week altitude training on endurance capacity and muscle oxygen saturation levels in distance runners. We also demonstrate the changes in serum erythropoietin and red blood cell volume, and their role in muscle oxygen saturation with altitude training. Thirteen elite distance runners were recruited for this study. All subjects were trained at 1,850 m altitude level for 1-week and performed 3,000 m running test. Serum erythropoietin concentration, red blood cell volume, endurance capacity and muscle oxygen saturation were monitored before and after altitude training and also after 1-week later. In the results, we found no significant change in serum erythropoietin concentration and red blood cell volume in athletes before and after altitude training. However, 3,000 m running test and muscle oxygen saturation levels were significantly (p<.05) improved after 1-week altitude training. This data suggests that one week altitude training can improve aerobic endurance capacity, which may be due to the improved muscle oxygen saturation by increased muscle oxygen efficiency in altitude trained distance runners.