瘧疾是19世紀末20世紀初，亞洲、非洲等殖民地常見的致命疾病。隨着熱帶醫學興起，熱帶醫學專家羅斯發現瘧疾的病源，由是英國就其研究成果針對瘧疾的傳播途徑，制訂了一系列的預防瘧疾措施，從而減低殖民地的瘧疾患病率及其死亡率。本文以殖民時期新加坡的預防瘧疾政策為研究個案，分析熱帶醫學的研究成果如何在熱帶殖民地上應用。同時，從新加坡的控制瘧疾蔓延的經驗，可顯示殖民地如何從被動地接受宗主國的醫療政策，到1930年代後期漸發展為遠東地區主要的研究瘧疾中心，豐富了為熱帶醫學的研究。

Malaria was a fatal disease and was widespread in the Asian and African colonies during the late nineteenth century to early twentieth century. Ronald Ross, who studied in West Africa, discovered the way of how malaria was transmitted. Based on his discovery, the British Colonial Office established an anti-malaria policy in its colonies, which focused on anti-mosquito measures to control the spread of the disease. This article examines how the findings of tropical medical research were applied in colonies; and the anti-malaria policy in colonial Singapore is a revealing case of how British colonies passively accepted London’s medical policy. Moreover, Singapore became the centre of malaria research in the Far-East during the 1930s, and it made a significant contribution to tropical medical research.