摘 要 本文探究主旨在增進公民教育的教學效能，以培育學生成為道德生活主體。現行公民教育與社會發展的諸多不適應之處，筆者認為根本問題在於個體主體性價值的喪失。傳統上，公民教育較偏重於政治化、工具化，片面強調社會適應性，而忽視主體性。因而，把學生視為純粹的教育客體，使他們處於被動服從的學習地位。展望公民教育改革與任務，根本的出路在於培育學生成為道德生活主體。 就公民教育實施而言，應注重學生的主體性，承認和尊重學生的主體地位和主體人格，並在培養與提高學生的自主性、能動性、創造性等個體主體性的基礎上，引導學生自覺地成爲社會活動的主體。

Abstract This study aims to increase the teaching effectiveness of civic education to nurture students to become the subjects of the moral life. Many of the existing civic education and social development was inadaptable.The author believed that the fundamental problem was the loss of individual subjective value. Traditionally, civic education attached more importance to politicalization, instrumentalization, and put more emphasis on social adaptation but ignored subjectivity. Therefore students were considered as the pure objects of education, and the passive and obedient learners. Prospects for the task and the reform of civic education, the fundamental way was to nurture students to become the subject of the moral life. Civic education should focus on the students’ subjectivity. It should recognize and respect for the subjectivity status and the subjectivity character of students. On the basis of the individual subjectivity to nurture and enhancestudents’ autonomy, activity, and creativity; and then to guide students consciously become the subjects of social activities.