Overview of the Self-Organization in Action Development__臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫

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題名：	Overview of the Self-Organization in Action Development
書刊名：	臺灣職能治療研究與實務雜誌
作者：	黃湘涵
作者(外文)：	Huang, Hsiang-han
出版日期：	2011
卷期：	7:2
頁次：	頁116-125
主題關鍵詞：	自我組成；動態系統；知覺動作架構；動作發展；Self-organization；Dynamical systems；Perception-action framework；Action development
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:0 共同引用:0 點閱:20

當一個人要考量到許多不同的因素，在不斷變化的環境中適當地協調動作，這是種非常複雜的活動。在發展過程中，我們要如何整合所有這些系統，包含神經、感覺系統、和骨骼肌肉系統？哪些重要的因素導致動作發展？我們的肢體如何連結在一起，做出協調一致的動作？動作看似是種，由不同次系統間的動態互動、作用而成的結果；無論是在系統內部或系統外面，這作用不需要按照任何特定的次序。有些研究指出中樞神經系統，無法為動作協調作用提供完整的解釋，也無法作為唯一的解釋。許多研究發現，必須對系統本身重新定義，並且包含各種不同的元素，這些元素幫忙促進不同動作型態的產生。動作發展中的一個主要概念，就是「自我組成」。動作的產生要考量到人、活動、環境間的限制。有些研究發現嬰幼兒的動作發展里程碑，存在有差異性，神經系統的成熟度對於這些差異，並不能成為單一的解釋。相對於用大腦神經系統的反射抑制或發展成熟，來解釋各種動作的形成，這篇專論提供讀者一些研究實例，探討關於動態理論跟知覺-動作架構，在動作發展上，如何從所處的環境和個體之間的關係，用自我組成、選擇和探索的概念，獲取相關的資訊，來促進一個動作的形成。

以文找文

Adequately coordinating movements in a constantly changing environment is a highly complex task when one considers the many components involved. How do we integrate the nervous system, the sensory system and the musculo-skeletal system during the development? What are the key factors contributing to action development? Action is seen as an emergent property resulting from the dynamics of constituent processes or subsystems without the need for any localizable source of this order either inside or outside the system. Some studies point out that proposed central nervous system sources, cannot provide the kind of direction or regulation needed. Many other studies find it necessary to redefine the system itself so as to include all the elements which contribute to the emergent action patterns. Action emerges from personal, task and environmental constraints. Unlike the traditional belief of motor milestones, studies found that not all of the typical infants would demonstrate the same action patterns at similar ages. Neural maturation may not be the solely answer for action development. This special article would offer the concepts from dynamic systems theory and perception-action framework to explain how the infants actions emerge from the personal and environmental constraints through the process of self-organizing, selection and exploration.

以文找文

期刊論文
1.	Adolph, K. E.、Vereijken, B.、Denny, M. A.(1998)。Learning to crawl。Child Development，69，1299-1312。
2.	Bertenthal, B. I.(1996)。Origins and early development of perception, action and representation。Annual Review of Psychology，47，431-459。
3.	Bertenthal, B. I.、von Hofsten, C.(1998)。Eye, head and trunk control: The foundation for manual development。Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Review，22，515-520。
4.	Berthier, N. E.、Rachel, K.(2006)。Development of reaching in infancy。Experimental Brain Research，169，507-518。
5.	Fetters, L.、Ellis, T.(2006)。A perception-action framework for physical therapy for persons with neurologic dysfunction: Use of therapeutic affordance and unitless ratio。Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy，30，142-147。
6.	Goldfield, E. C.、Kay, B.、Warren,W.(1993)。Infant bouncing: The assembly and tuning of an action system。Child Development，64，1128-1142。
7.	Haken, H.(1987)。Information compression in biological systems。Biological Cybernetics，56，11-17。
8.	Haken, H.(1989)。Synergetics: An overview。Reports on Progress in Physics，52，515-553。
9.	Haken, H.(1994)。From cybernetics to synergetics。Cybernetica，37，273-290。
10.	Schaal, S.、Mohajerian, P.、Ijspeert, A.(2007)。Dynamics systems vs. optimal control--a unifying view。Progress in Brain Research，165，425-445。
11.	Smith, L. B.、Thelen, E.(2003)。Development as a dynamic system。TRENDS in Cognitive Sciences，8，343-348。
12.	Thelen, E.、Spencer, J. P.(1998)。Postural control during reaching in young infants: A dynamic systems approach。Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews，22，507-514。
13.	Ulrich,B. D.(2010)。Opportunities for early intervention based on theory, basic neuroscience, and clinical science。Physical Therapy，90(12)，1868-1880。
14.	von Hofsten, C.(2007)。Action in development。Developmental Science，10，54-60。
15.	von Hofsten, C.、Ronnqvist, L.(1993)。The structuring of neonatal arm movements。Child Development，64，1046-1057。
16.	Yonas, A. Hartman, B.、Hartman, B.(1993)。Perceiving the affordance of contact in four- and five-month old infants。Child Development，64，298-308。
17.	Thelen, E.、Ulrich, B. D.(1991)。Hidden skills: A dynamical systems analysis of treadmill stepping during the first year。Monographs of Society for Research in child Development，56(1)，1-98。
18.	Corbettaa, D.、Thelen, E.、Johnsonc, K.(2000)。Motor constraints on the development of perception-action matching in infant reaching。Infant Behavior & Development，23，351-374。
19.	Thelen, E.、Fisher, D. M.(1982)。Newborn stepping: An explanation for a "disappearing" reflex。Developmental Psychology，18(5)，760-775。
20.	Beek, P. J.、Peper, C. E.、Stegeman, D. F.(1995)。Dynamical models of movement coordination。Human Movement Science，14，573-608。

圖書
1.	Adolph, K. E.、Berger, S. E.(2005)。Physical and motor development。Developmental science: An advanced textbook。Hillsdale, NJ：Erlbaum。
2.	Adolph, K. E.、Eppler, M. A.、Gibson, E. J.(1993)。Development of perception of affordances。Advances in infancy research: Vol. 8. Volumn's name。Norwood, NJ：Ablex。
3.	Goldfield, E. C.、Wolff, P. H.(2004)。A dynamical systems perspective on infant action and its development。Theories of infant development。Malden, MA：Blackwell Publishing。
4.	Holt, K. G.(1998)。Constraints in the emergence of preferred locomotory patterns。Cambridge, MA：The MIT Press。
5.	Kelso, J. A. S.(1998)。From Bernstein's physiology of activity to coordination dynamics。Progress in motor control: Bernstein's traditions in movement studies。Champaign, IL：Human Kinetics。
6.	McGraw, M. B.(1945)。The neuromuscular maturation of the human infant。New York：Columbia University Press。
7.	McGraw, M. B.(1946)。Maturation of behavior。Manual of child psychology。New York：Wiley。
8.	Thelen, E.(1986)。Development of coordinated movement: Implications for early human development。Motor development in children: Aspects of coordination and control。Dordrecht, Netherland：Martinus Nijhoff Publishers。
9.	Thelen, E.(1989)。Self-organization in developmental processes: Can systems approaches work。Systems and development: The Minnesota symposia on child psychology。Hillsdale, NJ：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers。
10.	Gallahue, D. L.、Ozmun, J. C.(1995)。Understanding motor development: Infants, children, adolescents, adults。Madison, WI：William C. Brown & Benchmark。
11.	Thelen, E.、Simth, L. B.(1994)。A dynamic systems approach to the development of cognition and action。Cambridge, MA：Bradford Book。
12.	Gibson, J. J.(1979)。The ecological approach to visual perception。Hillsdale, NJ：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。
13.	Gibson, E. J.、Pick, A. D.(2000)。An ecological approach to perceptual learning and development。New York：Oxford University Press。
14.	Adolph, K. E.、Berger, S. A.(2006)。Motor development。Handbook of child psychology. Vol.2: Cognition, perception, and language。New York：Wiley。

圖書論文
1.	Schmidt, R. C.、Fitzpatrick, P.(1996)。Dynamical perspective on motor learning。Advances in motor learning and control。Champaign, IL：Human Kinetics。
2.	Haywood, K. M.、Getchell, N.(2001)。Perception and action in development。Life Span Motor Development。Champaign, IL：Human Kinetics。
3.	Newell, K. M.(1986)。Constraint on the development of coordination。Motor development in children: Aspects of coordination and control。Boston。
4.	Gesell, A.(1946)。The ontogenesis of infant behavior。Manual of child psychology。New York：Wiley。

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