Objectives: This study assessed the actual situations that young female sex workers must face in order to provide policy advice for the prevention and control of sexually transmitted infections. Methods: We conducted tape-recorded in-depth interviews with female sex workers under 30 years of age by snowball sampling. The main content of the interviews included working conditions and the actual use of condoms. We spent about 90 to 120 minutes for the first interview, and extended to second or third interviews if necessary. We analyzed the tape recordings to summarize the common experiences of the participants. Results: A total of 19 young female sex workers participated in this study. We found that the participants had little ability to avoid sexually transmitted infections. They had inadequate socialization skills and minimal knowledge obtained from school; therefore, they had little ability to negotiate with their customers. Incorrect measures of self-protection further increased their opportunity to get infected. Conclusions: We recommend a preventive strategy of harm reduction by establishing a peer-consultation model to deliver correct knowledge and bargaining skills, combined with passive, comprehensive screening to help young sex workers prevent and detect sexually transmitted infections.