提　　要 1921年7月，中國共產黨「建黨」；1927年8月，中共「建軍」；1949年10月，中共「建政」。說明中共先有黨，後有軍，最後才有政。所以，中共一貫認為，「黨」大於「軍」，「軍」重要於「政」。現在由於時代變遷，中共過去三十二年的「經右」，在經濟事務方面是有很大的發展。但從毛澤東以來的「政左」，譬如「以黨領軍」、「以黨領政」、「一黨專政」、「軍隊黨化」等特質，是不容易有太大改變的。 中共將於2012年秋天召開「十八大」，會中要改組「中央軍事委員會」，而現有的軍委成員將退休2/3以上。一方面改組以後的成員，要與「相應」的黨職配套，這是「黨軍關係」的課題；二方面改組後的中共中央軍委成員誰屬，共軍最高層的人事變動，對兩岸未來5至10年的軍事互動，也會有相當的影響。本文在假設前提與結論預測為「黨職」決定「軍職」下，期待本論文研究的課題，對國軍之「知彼勝敵」，會有若干助益。

Abstract Communist Party of China(CPC) was built in 1921, the military organized in 1927 and Chinese government constructed in 1949, that's to say that CPC is the most important than military which is superior to government. Although CPC boosted the economy by choosing the right-side policy for the past 30 years, the left-side policy on politics being started the term of Mao never had been changed, such as CPC leading military and government, one party dictatorship of CPC as well as CPC's military. A half of members of Central Military Commission (CMC) will be reorganized in the autumn of 2012 by 18th Communist Party of China national congress so new members of CMC must have the right position at CPC; after being reorganized CMC and who is the next leader,it will be affecting the relationships between Taiwan and China in 5-10 years. The research of this thesis will benefit the army of ROC since knowing the enemy which is the right way to defeat it.