The purpose of this study was to understand the retention time of nurses in a medical center and identify the main factors contributing to the retention. The retrospective Cohort study design was adapted for this study using Life Table, Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. The research subjects of this study were 1,747 nurses in a medical center with duration from January 2007 to March 2011. The results showed that: 1) The monthly turnover rate was about 1% in the past 51 months and there were only 4 months with 2%. 2) There were two identities for the nursing staffs: one was civil servant nurses and the other was non-civil servant nurses. The civil servant nurses had 1,481 retention days during 51 months, much higher than non-civil servant nurses. The non-civil servant nurses had 1,049 retention days. 3) The retention of civil servant nurses was 6.25 times the retention of non-civil servant nurses. This study suggests that the reasonable monthly turnover rate is 1%. It is highly recommended that hospitals should have more job openings for civil servant nurses than non-civil servant nurses.