This article focuses on changes in Taiwan's criminal law system after the lifting of martial law and describes the evolution of the country's criminal compensation law. Judgements by Taiwan's Council of Grand Justices are examined to analyze the process by which norms of criminal compensation law were revised.. By focusing on the dynamics between the Compensation Act for Wrongful Trials on Charges of Sedition and Espionage during the Martial Law Period and the Law of Compensation for Wrongful Detentions and Executions, the article brings to light Taiwan's experience with the practice of transitional justice and elaborates on ideas in international criminal law for dealing with wrongful acts perpetrated by state systems.