There is a long history of Chinese migration around the globe. In terms of culture and group identities, the consequences of this migration are diverse and complex. Food, as the primary form of human sustenance, is a suitable lens for reflecting on cultural adaptation and human reproduction. On the basis of an anthropological study of Chinese foodways in Burma, this article explores continuity and change of Chinese foodways in different places in Burma. It shows that Burmese Chinese foodways are influenced by human geography and process of localization, and the Chinese ethnological fields in different places provide certain social settings and material conditions for the development of Chinese foodways. Moreover, the comparative study of Chinese dietary culture in Upper and Lower Burma also shows the various ways of life and social circumstances of Chinese in Burma, and the impacts of factors such as transnationalism and globalization on Chinese foodways from the outside world.