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題名：Is Reading The Last Song Effective for Improving Reading Speed, Reading Comprehension, and General English Reading Proficiency?: An Investigation into the Power of Extensive Reading Using a Bestselling Original Novel
書刊名：國立彰化師範大學文學院學報
作者：高士凡
作者(外文)：Kao, Shih-fan
出版日期：2013
卷期：7
頁次：頁37-57
主題關鍵詞：廣泛閱讀；原文小說；閱讀速度；閱讀理解度；英語為第二語言閱讀；英語為外國語言閱讀；Extensive reading；Original novel；Reading speed；Reading comprehension；ESL reading；EFL reading
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本論文的主要目的在檢驗使用暢銷原文小說《最終一曲》來作為樂趣閱讀教材是否能增進英文學習者的閱讀速度、理解度、及整體英文閱讀能力。參與研究者為十五位當時在一美語機構ALI修習小說閱讀課的成人學員，參與者的英文程度約為中級至中高級，他們接受美籍教師Bruce為期十週的小說閱讀課。參與者在使用廣泛閱讀方法閱讀『最終一曲』的課程開始前及結束後均接受閱讀速度及理解度測驗，和ALI所設計的英文閱讀能力測驗〈含單字、文法、與閱讀三部分〉。在資料分析方面，SPSS統計分析軟體的成對樣本t檢定來檢測前測與後測的平均數是否有統計上顯著的不同。此外參與者也在後測後接受訪談有關對Bruce課程的看法。結果顯示出：在經過十週使用廣泛閱讀方法閱讀暢銷小說的課程後，十五位參與者不只在閱讀的速度和理解度有顯著的增加，也在整體英文閱讀能力上有顯著的進步。另外，十五位課程參與者在訪談時也都表達了他們對Bruce老師使用暢銷原文小說作樂趣閱讀教材的正面態度與看法。因此，本論文的結果指出：使用暢銷原文小說作樂趣閱讀教材，並搭配使用廣泛閱讀方法來閱讀是既有趣又有效的自然英語習得方法，而且更能激勵英語學習者變成獨立主動的語言習得者。最後，本論文也探討研究結果可帶來的教學啟示，和研究本身的限制。
This study investigated the power of extensive reading for pleasure by using a popular original novel, ”The Last Song”, as the material to improve learners’ reading speed, reading comprehension, and general English reading proficiency. With intermediate or high-intermediate level of English proficiency, 15 adult participants at Acme Language Institute (ALI), a private language school, received the extensive reading treatment for 10 weeks. The 15 participants were taking a course entitled Novel Reading taught by Bruce, an American teacher who adopted the extensive reading approach. The participants took the pre-test (before the beginning of the class) and post-test (after the end of the class) on reading speed, reading comprehension, and general English reading proficiency developed and administered by ALI. Paired-samples t-test was conducted to check if there was significant progress in the participants’ scores between the pre-test and post-test. Furthermore, each participant was interviewed once after the post-test to check the reliability of the quantitative data. The results showed that due to the characteristics of extensive reading (such as the purposes of reading usually being related to pleasure, information, and general understanding, etc.), the 15 participants significantly enhanced their reading speed and reading comprehension after the treatment. In addition, the results also indicated that by increasing a considerable amount of reading input from the 463-page novel for 10 weeks, the 15 participants significantly improved their overall English reading proficiency including vocabulary usage, grammar knowledge and reading ability. Moreover, data from interviews also showed that all 15 participants expressed positive attitudes toward reading the original novel in the extensive reading approach. As a result, the findings suggested that reading a bestselling original novel extensively is an interesting, effective, and natural way to motivate ESL/EFL learners to become autonomous language acquirers. The pedagogical implications and the limitations of this study were discussed in the end.
期刊論文
1.Kao, S. F.(2009)。Let'€™s Read English for Pleasure as We Do in Chinese: An Empirical Study Probing into the Power of Extensive Reading。Studies in English Language and Literature，24，41-61。  new window
2.高士凡(20090200)。Increasing Reading Input Outside the Classroom: An Experimental Study Investigating the Power of Extensive Reading for Pleasure。景文學報，19(1)，123-144。  new window
3.Krashen, S. D.(2007)。Free voluntary web-surfing。The International Journal of Foreign Language Teaching，3(1)，2-9。  new window
4.Krashen, S. D.(2007)。Extensive reading in English as a foreign language by adolescents and young adults: A meta-analysis。The International Journal of Foreign Language Teaching，3(2)，23-29。  new window
5.Ono, L.、Day, R. R.、Harsch, K.(2004)。Tips for reading extensively。English Teacher Forum，42(4)，12-19。  new window
6.Powell, S.(2005)。Extensive reading and its role in Japanese high schools。The Reading Matrix，5(2)，28-42。  new window
7.Nation, P.(1997)。The language learning benefits of extensive reading。The Language Teacher，21(5)，13-17。  new window
8.Bell, Timothy(2001)。Extensive reading: Speed and comprehension。The Reading Matrix，1(1)，1-13。  new window
9.Walker, C.(1997)。A Self Access Extensive Reading Project Using Graded Readers (With Particular Reference to Students of English for Academic Purposes)。Reading in a Foreign Language，11(1)，121-149。  new window
10.Cho, K. S.、Krashen, S. D.(1994)。Acquisition of vocabulary from the sweet valley kids series: Adult SL acquisition。Journal of Reading，37(8)，662-667。  new window
11.Constinto, R.(1995)。Learning to read in a second language doesn't have to hurt: The effect of pleasure reading。Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy，39(1)，68-69。  new window
12.Hayashi, K.(1999)。Reading strategies and extensive reading in EFL classes。RELC Journal，30(2)，114-132。  new window
13.Lai, F. K.(1993)。The effect of a summer reading course on reading and writing skills。System，21(1)，87-100。  new window
14.Mason, B.、Krashen, S. D.(1997)。Extensive reading in English as a foreign language。System，25(1)，91-102。  new window
15.Tudor, I.、Hafiz, F.(1989)。Extensive reading as a means of input of L2 learning。Journal of Research in Reading，12，164-178。  new window
16.Krashen, Stephen D.(1989)。We acquire vocabulary and spelling by reading: additional evidence for the Input Hypothesis。The Modern Language Journal，73(4)，440-464。  new window
17.Iwahori, Y.(2008)。Developing reading fluency: A study of extensive reading in EFL。Reading in a Foreign Language，20(1)，70-91。  new window
會議論文
1.Mason, B.(2007)。The efficiency of self-selected reading and hearing stories on adult second language acquisition。Sixteenth International Symposium on English Teaching and Learning。Taipei, Taiwan：Crane。630-633。  new window
2.Shang, H. F.、Briody, P.、Lin, C. Y.(2007)。The effect of extensive reading strategies on EFL students。Ming Chuan University。419-429。  new window
3.Krashen, S. D.(2003)。Dealing with English fever。Twelfth International Symposium on English Teaching and Learning。Taipei：Crane。100-108。  new window
圖書
1.Bamford, Julian、Day, Richard R.(2004)。Extensive reading activities for teaching language。Cambridge University Press。  new window
2.Bogdan, R. C.(1972)。Participant observation in organizational settings。Syracuse, NY：Syracuse University Press。  new window
3.Gao, U. M.(2004)。A study of using extensive reading as a supplement in a senior high school English curriculum。Taiwan：Tsing Hua University。  new window
4.Nationa, P.、Malarcher, C.(2007)。Reading for speed and fluency 4。Santa Fe Springs, CA：Compass Publishing。  new window
5.Reutzel, D. R.(2006)。“Hey, teacher, when you say ‘fluency,’ what do you mean?”: Developing fluency in elementary classrooms。Fluency instruction: Research-based best practices。New York：Guilford。  new window
6.Smith, F.(1986)。Insult to intelligence。Portsmouth, NH：Heinemann。  new window
7.Sparks, N.(2009)。The last song。New York：Grand Central Publishing。  new window
8.Rasinski, T. V.(2003)。The fluent reader: Oral reading strategies for building word recognition, fluency, and comprehension。New York：Scholastic Professional Books。  new window
9.Brown, J. D.(1988)。Understanding research in second language learning: A teacher's guide to statistics and research design。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
10.Merriam, S. B.(1999)。Qualitative research and case study applications in education。San Francisco：Jossey-Bass。  new window
11.Anderson, N. J.(1999)。Exploring second language reading。Boston, MA：Newbury House。  new window
12.Krashen, Stephen D.(1985)。The input hypothesis: Issues and implications。London：Laredo Publishing。  new window
13.Krashen, S. D.(2002)。Foreign language education: The easy way。Taipei：Crane Publishing Co., Ltd.。  new window
14.Day, R. R.、Bamford, J.(1988)。Extensive reading in the second language classroom。Cambridge, MA：New York：Cambridge University Press。  new window
15.Brown, H. D.(2007)。Teaching by principles: an interactive approach to language pedagogy。Pearson Longman。  new window
16.Lincoln, Yvonna S.、Guba, Egon G.(1985)。Naturalistic Inquiry。Sage。  new window
17.Creswell, John W.(2003)。Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches。Sage Publications, Inc.。  new window
18.Krashen, Stephen D.(2004)。The power of reading: Insights from the research。Libraries Unlimited。  new window
19.Krashen, Stephen D.(1982)。Principles and Practice in Second Language Acquisition。Oxford：Permagon Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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