The study aimed to investigate the significance of quality indicators for occupational therapy. The indicators included number of people at all levels and their ratio, number of people at advanced level, and the monthly attendance rate at an acute and chronic ward in a psychiatric hospital between April 2010 and August 2011. This retrospective descriptive study was based on 331,705 person-day activities (1,756 patients) for psychiatric inpatients in seventeen months. In the seventeen months, of those 1,756 inpatients who received occupational therapy services, 50.2% remained at a fixed level. Level one (general activities) was most attended level and level five (work training) was the second most attended level of the five levels of occupational activities. This study suggests that occupational therapy may help maintain occupational function and prevent degradation in chronic inpatients in a psychiatric hospital. On average, it took 2.5 months for inpatients to progress from first to second level. In order to calculate the indicators of participation rate for each level, five extra variables on functional categories for inpatients in each ward are need entering into the databank.