目的：評估醫院顧客對於「知情同意」與「手術同意書」認知程度；分析「知情同意」與「手術同意書」認知程度與實際感受程度的相關性。方法：採橫斷研究設計，以中部某區域醫院顧客為研究對象，以立意取樣為抽樣方式，抽取有簽署同意書經驗的病人與家屬250人，亦抽取沒有簽署經驗的病人與家屬250人，總樣本數500人。本研究採問卷調查法，內容分三部份：基本資料、知情同意認知量表、手術同意書認知量表。結果：所有受訪者的知情同意認知程度良好（4.22分），有簽署經驗者與無簽署經驗者、住院手術病患與門診手術病患，得分沒有統計差異。有簽署經驗者在簽署手同意書的實際感受（4.01）高於簽署麻醉同意書之感受（3.89），但均介於普通與良好之間；女性、大學以上、家管在知情同意認知與手簽署術同意書了解程度較高；聽過知情同意名詞與有手術經驗者有較佳的實際感受。結論：知情同意認知、簽署手術同意書實際感受與簽署麻醉同意書實際感受三者間有正相關。故加強民眾知情同意認知有助於提高實際簽署時之感受，進而減少醫療糾紛。

Objective: The study aim to assess the cognitive level for the ＂informed consent＂ and ＂operation permit forms＂, and to analysis the correlation between cognition and perception among hospital customers. Methods: A cross-sectional study and purposive sampling method have conducted 500 hospital consumers from a regional hospital in central Taiwan. The participants including patients or their families who had experience to sign operation permit forms (n=250) and who had non experience (n=250). A self-designed structured questionnaire, including the cognitive rating scale of informed consent, the cognitive rating scale of operation permit forms and participants' personal characteristics, was used to collect data. Results: The cognitive level for the informed consent of all participants is good (4.22), and there has no statistical difference between who had experience to sign operation permits forms and non experience; and between inpatients and outpatients. Among who had experience to sign operation permits forms, the perceiving level of signing an operation permits forms (4.01) is higher than sign an anesthesia permits forms (3.89). Who is female, university degree or above, and housewife have higher cognition of the informed consent and operation permit forms. The population who had heard the term of ＂informed consent＂ and had operation experience have higher perceiving of operation permits forms than others. Conclusions: There have positive correlation among cognition of informed consent, perceiving of signing an operation permits forms and perceiving of signing an anesthesia permits forms. Therefore, to strengthen the cognition of informed consent to hospital consumers will help to improve the feeling of actually signed an operation permits form, thereby reducing medical disputes.