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題名:
The Variability in the Hands of Pianists
書刊名:
臺灣運動心理學報
作者:
賴世烱
/
賴如琳
作者(外文):
Lai, Shih-chiung
/
Lai, Ru-lin
出版日期:
2014
卷期:
14:2
頁次:
頁67-81
主題關鍵詞:
協調
;
知覺
;
動作控制
;
動作表現
;
震顫
;
Coordination
;
Perception
;
Motor control
;
Motor performance
;
Tremor
原始連結:
連回原系統網址
相關次數:
被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
排除自我引用:0
共同引用:0
點閱:21
本研究使用普爾曼螺旋分析 (Pullman spiral analysis) (Pullman, 1998) 以探討高技能鋼琴彈奏者之手部變異性,此動作變異性之指標為手指震顫,包括震顫嚴重程度、動作流暢度、不規則性及緊張度等變項。實驗參加者為20位主修鋼琴且慣用手為右手之大學生 (平均年齡為21.75 ± 0.65歲),實驗要求其分別以左手和右手自然地握住一電子感應筆來畫數個螺旋形狀,左右手之試作次數各為10次;在前測與後測之間,參加者皆練習二個小時較快節奏之鋼琴彈奏練習。本研究以重覆量數二因子變異數分析,檢驗畫螺旋形狀之前後測與左右手交替使用在以下四個依變項之效果:手部動作之震顫嚴重程度、動作流暢度、不規則性及緊張度。主要研究結果為 (1) 上述二個自變項皆未在練習彈奏快節奏鋼琴二個小時後對震顫嚴重程度有所影響,及 (2) 右手動作較左手流暢,但左手則較右手顯現出較高之規律性。本研究提出以下結論:雖然鋼琴彈奏者之手部震顫程度並不顯著,研究發現以右手為慣用手之鋼琴彈奏者的右手表現出較不規律、但卻較為流暢之手部動作型態,相反地,其左手則表現出較為規律卻較不流暢之動作結果,究其原因可能與鋼琴彈奏者常以左手練習較為穩定之和弦彈奏有關。本研究發現有助於瞭解音樂知覺之相關知識,尤其是在鋼琴彈奏方面之音樂知識領域。
以文找文
By utilizing the Pullman spiral analysis (Pullman, 1998), the purpose of the study was to examine the degree of severity (DOS), movement smoothness, irregularity, and tightness of highly skilled piano players, using finger tremors as the index of movement variability. Twenty piano major college-aged students (21.75 ± 0.65 years old) with right dominant hands participated in the study. They were asked to hold an electronic pen and draw several spirals in a natural position, with both hands performing the task 10 times. Two-hour-long piano practice sessions with a relatively fast tempo occurred between the pretests and posttests. The before/after piano playing sessions and the right/left hands were used as the two independent variables in the experiment. The major dependent variables included the DOS, movement smoothness, irregularity, and tightness. The two-way repeated measure ANOVA was applied to examine the effect of the piano playing and hands on the dependent variables. The results determined that: (1) No significant DOS differences exist in before/after piano playing, nor in the interchange between right/left hands; and (2) the right hands appear to generate smoother movements than the left hands, F(1, 19) = 59.68, p < .001, h2 = .76. However, the left hands displayed more regular movement features than the right ones, F(1, 19) = 24.37, p < .001, h2 = .56. The conclusion of the study was that, although no apparent practice effect appears in the piano players’ hands, their right hands displayed a relatively higher irregularity, but with smoother playing. The pianists’ left hands, however, assumingly trained more often in a chord-playing manner, displaying relatively more regularity with less smooth playing. The results of the study are useful in broadening the knowledge and understanding of the prolific perceptions of music, particularly in the arena of piano playing.
以文找文
期刊論文
1.
Cohen, O.、Pullman, S. L.、Jurewicz, E.、Watner, D.、Louis, E. D.(2003)。Rest tremor in patients with essential tremor。Archives of Neurology,60,405-410。
2.
Elble, R. J.、Pullman, S. L.、Matsumoto, J. Y.、Raethjen, J.、Deuschl, G.、Tintner, R.(2006)。Tremor amplitude is logarithmically related to 4- and 5-point tremor rating scales。Brain,129,2660-2666。
3.
Kami, A.、Meyer, G.、Jezzard, P.、Adams, M. M.、Turner, R.、Ungerlieder, L. G.(1995)。Functional MRI evidence for adult motor cortex plasticity during motor skill learning。Nature,377,155-158。
4.
Louis, E. D.、Yu, Q.、Floyd, A. G.、Moskowitz, C.、Pullman, S. L.(2006)。Axis is a feature of handwritten spirals in essential tremor。Movement Disorders,21,1294-1295。
5.
Newell, K. M.、Gao, F.、Sprague, R. L.(1995)。The dynamics of finger tremor in tardive dyskinesia。Chaos,5,43-47。
6.
Pullman, S. L.(1998)。Spiral analysis: A new technique for measuring tremor with digitizing tablet。Movement Disorders,13(3),85-89。
7.
Saunders-Pullman, R.、Derby, C.、Stanley, K.、Floyd, A. G.、Bressman, S.、Lipton, R. B.、Pullman, S. L.(2007)。Validity of spiral analysis in early Parkinson's disease。Movement Disorders,23,531-537。
8.
Schieber, M. H.、Hibbard, L. S.(1993)。How somatotopic is the motor cortex hand area?。Science,261,489-492。
9.
van Emmerik, R. E. A.、Sprague, R. L.、Newell, K. M.(1993)。Finger tremor and tardive dyskinesia。Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology,1,259-268。
10.
Wang, H.、Yu, Q.、Kurtis, M. M.、Floyd, A. G.、Smith, W. A.、Pullman, S. L.(2008)。Spiral analysis- Improved clinical utility with center detection。Journal of Neuroscience Methods,171,264-270。
11.
Fitts, Paul M.(1954)。The information capacity of the human motor system in controlling the amplitude of movement。Journal of Experimental Psychology,47(6),381-391。
圖書
1.
Jung, C. G.、Hull, R. F. C.(1985)。Synchronicity: An acausal connecting principle。London:ARK Paperbacks。
2.
Kandel, E. R.、Schwartz, J. H.、Jessell, T. M.(2000)。Principle of neural science。New York:McGraw-Hill。
3.
Magill, R. A.(2013)。Motor learning and control: Concepts and applications。New York:McGraw-Hill。
4.
Mayer-Kress, G.(1986)。Dimensions and entropies in chaotic systems。New York:Springer-Verlag。
5.
Rosenbaum, D. A.(1991)。Human motor control。New York:Academic Press。
6.
Bernstein, N. A.(1967)。The co-ordination and regulation of movements。Pergamon Press。
圖書論文
1.
Gardner, E. P.、Martin, J. H.、Jessell, T. M.(2000)。The bodily senses。Principle of neural science。New York:McGraw-Hill。
2.
Newell, K. M.(1996)。The dynamics of stereotypic behaviors: Movement variance and invariance in the classification of movement disorders。Stereotyped movements: Brain and behavior relationships。Washington, DC:American Psychological Association。
3.
Newell, K. M.、Slifkin, A. B.(1998)。The nature of movement variability。Motor behavior and human skill: A multidisciplinary approach。Champaign, IL:Human Kinetics。
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