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題名：摩根索的國際關係規範論述及其道德觀爭論
書刊名：政治科學論叢
作者：林炫向 引用關係
作者(外文)：Lin, Hsuan-hsiang
出版日期：2015
卷期：65
頁次：頁71-101
主題關鍵詞：現實主義；規範論述；摩根索；亞里斯多德；韋伯；Aristotle；International relations；Morgenthau；Normative discourse；Realism；Weber
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近年來國際關係的規範理論開始復興，現實主義學派內部也出現了恢復現實主義倫理維度的呼聲。本文以影響美國當代國際關係至為巨大的理論家摩根索為研究的對象，對其規範論述加以梳理，辨認他的思想淵源，並稍做詮釋。摩根索的思想淵源涵蓋範圍十分廣，已有眾多學者予以論述。本文只挑選其中對摩根索思想影響最大的兩位思想家－亞里斯多德與韋伯，探討他們的思想如何反映在摩根索的規範論述中。此一研究的目的在於展示，現實主義並非只能與追求價值中立的科學主義相結合；相反地，它的規範立場其實有深厚的歷史淵源，其思想深度也不容批評者低估。吾人如欲客觀地評價現實主義的規範立場，仍需對歷史上的大思想家的規範思想做出回應。
Normative theories in International Relations (IR) have long been marginalized after WWII. In recent years, however, the enterprise is now undergoing a revival. Various schools of thought in IR have begun to explore the normative dimensions of their respective approaches. Under this new current there also emerges within the camp of realism the call for reexamining the moral implications as well as the normative discourses of realism. Echoing with this call, this paper addresses Hans Morgenthau's normative discourses first by identifying their origins in the long lineage of realism. But since his thought is derived from various different origins, such as Aristotle, St. Augustine, Friedrich Nietzsche, Max Weber, Carl Schmitt, to name just a few, it requires further interpretations to clarify his ＂real meaning＂. Obviously, it is impossible to decipher with precision the thought of a giant which covers such a broad range of origins. Therefore, the author opts for selecting two thinkers who impact most strongly on Morgenthau's normative thinking, namely Aristotle and Weber, and showing how Morgenthau's normative discourses reflect their influences. The purpose of this study is to show that realism should not be bound by scientism, which is value-free; instead, it can be normatively laden, with its normative stance derived from a long lineage that simply cannot be undervalued. If we are to evaluate the normative stance of realism without prejudice, we will have to take on the thoughts of the giants from this lineage seriously.
期刊論文
1.張旺(2006)。國際關係規範理論的復興。世界經濟與政治，8，49-56。  延伸查詢new window
2.張至涵(20130100)。道德現實主義初探。國際關係學報，35，133-162。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.Brown, Chris(2012)。The 'Practice Turn', Phronesis and Classical Realism; Towards a Phronetic International Political Theory?。Millennium-Journal of International Studies，40(3)，439-456。  new window
4.Hoffman, Stanley(1981)。Notes on the Limits of 'Realism'。Social Research，48(4)，653-659。  new window
5.Jervis, Robert(1994)。Hans Morgenthau, Realism, and the Scientific Study of International Politics。Social Research，61(4)，853-876。  new window
6.Jütersonke, Oliver(2006)。Morgenthau and the Return to Ethics in a Realist Theory of Power Politics。Cooperation and Conflict: Journal of the Nordic International Studies Association，41(4)，463-469。  new window
7.Molloy, Sean(2009)。Aristotle, Epicurus, Morgenthau and the Political Ethics of the Lesser Evil。Journal of International Political Theory，5，94-112。  new window
8.Morgenthau, Hans J.(1945)。The Evil of Politics and the Ethics of Evil。Ethics，56(1)，1-18。  new window
9.Morgenthau, Hans J.(1948)。The Political Science of E. H. Carr。World Politics，1(1)，127-134。  new window
10.Morgenthau, Hans J.(1952)。Another 'Great Debate': The National Interest of the United States。The American Political Science Review，46(4)，961-988。  new window
11.Murray, A. J. H.(1996)。The Moral Politics of Hans Morgenthau。Review of Politics，58(1)，81-107。  new window
12.Spegele, Roger D.(1987)。Three Forms of Political Realism。Political Studies，35(2)，189-210。  new window
13.Starr, Bradley E.(1999)。The Structure of Max Weber's Ethic of Responsibility。Journal of Religious Ethics，27(3)，407-434。  new window
14.Tucker, Robert W.(1952)。Professor Morgenthau's Theory of Political 'Realism'。The American Political Science Review，46(1)，214-224。  new window
15.Morgenthau, Hans J.(1950)。The Mainsprings of American Foreign Policy: The National Interest vs. Moral Abstractions。The American Political Science Review，44(4)，833-854。  new window
16.Keohane, Robert O.(1988)。International Institutions: Two Approaches。International Studies Quarterly，32(4)，379-396。  new window
會議論文
1.莫大華(2012)。國際關係反思現實主義理論及其未來可能性。中華民國國際關係學會2012年會暨『全球變遷與興起中的國際秩序』學術研討會，(會議日期: 10月6日)。台中：國立中興大學國際政治研究所。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Smith, Michael Joseph(1986)。Realist Thought from Weber to Kissinger。Louisiana State University Press。  new window
2.Williams, Michael C.(2005)。The Realist Tradition and the Limits of International Relations。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
3.Frei, Christoph(2001)。Hans Morgenthau: An Intellectual Biography。Baton Rouge：Louisiana State University Press。  new window
4.Haslam, Jonathan(2002)。No Virtue Like Necessity: Realist Thought in International Relations since Machiavelli。New Haven：Yale University Press。  new window
5.Lang, Anthony F.(2004)。Political Theory and International Affairs: Hans J. Morgenthau on Aristotle's Politics。Westport, Connecticut：Praeger Publishers。  new window
6.Jackson, Robert、Sørensen, Georg(2003)。Introduction to International Relations: Theories and Approaches。Oxford University Press。  new window
7.Lebow, Richard Ned(2003)。The Tragic Vision of Politics: Ethics, Interests and Orders。New York：Cambridge University Press。  new window
8.Mollov, M. Benjamin(2002)。Power and Transcendence: Hans J. Morgenthau and the Jewish Experience。New York：Lexington Books。  new window
9.Morgenthau, Hans J.(1962)。Politics in the Twentieth Century, Volume 1: The Decline of Democratic Politics。Chicago：University of Chicago Press。  new window
10.Morgenthau, Hans J.(1962)。Politics in the Twentieth Century, Volume 3: The Restoration of American Politics。Chicago：Chicago University Press。  new window
11.Morgenthau, Hans J.(1970)。Truth and Power: Essays of a Decade, 1960-1970。New York：Praeger。  new window
12.Morgenthau, Hans J.(1972)。Science: Servant or Master?。New York: New：American Library Inc。  new window
13.Neacsu, Mihaela(2010)。Hans J. Morgenthau's Theory of International Relations: Disenchantment and Re-enchantment。New York：Palgrave Macmillan。  new window
14.Nietzsche, Friedrich、Large, Ducan(1998)。Twilight of the Idols。New York：Oxford University Press。  new window
15.Pangle, Thomas L.、Ahrensdorf, Peter J.(1999)。Justice Among Nations: On the Moral Basis of Power and Peace。Lawrence：University Press of Kansas。  new window
16.Reus-Smit, Christian、Snidal, Duncan(2008)。The Oxford Handbook of International Relations。New York：Oxford University Press。  new window
17.Scheuerman, William E.(2009)。Hans Morgenthau: Realism and Beyond。Malden：Polity Press。  new window
18.Morgenthau, Hans J.(1979)。Human Rights and Foreign Policy。New York：Council on Religion and International Affairs。  new window
19.Morgenthau, Hans J.(1948)。Politics Among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace。New York：Knopf。  new window
20.Morgenthau, Hans J.(1951)。In Defense of the National Interest。New York：Knopf。  new window
21.Morgenthau, Hans J.(1946)。Scientific Man vs. Power Politics。Chicago：University of Chicago Press。  new window
22.Morgenthau, Hans J.(1967)。Politics Among Nations: the Struggle for Power and Peace。New York：Alfred A. Knopf。  new window
23.Bull, Hedley(1977)。The Anarchical society: A Study of Order in World Politics。New York：Columbia University Press。  new window
24.Aristotle、Irwin, Terence(1985)。Nicomachean Ethics。Hackett Publishing Company。  new window
25.Donnelly, Jack(2000)。Realism and International Relations。Cambridge University Press。  new window
26.Morgenthau, Hans J.(1954)。Politics Among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace。New York：Alfred A. Knopf。  new window
27.Weber, Max、Shils, Edward A.、Finch, Henry A.(1949)。The Methodology of the Social Sciences。Free Press。  new window
圖書論文
1.Scheuerman, William E.(2009)。A Theoretical Missed Opportunity? Hans J. Morgenthau as Critical Realist。Political Thought and International Relations:Variations on a Realist Theme。Oxford：Oxford University Press。  new window
2.張旺山(1998)。韋伯的價値多元論。多元主義。台北：中央研究院中山人文社會科學研究所。  延伸查詢new window
3.Schluchter, Wolfgang、錢永祥、顧忠華(1991)。價値中立與責任倫理。學術與政治：韋伯選集。台北：遠流。  延伸查詢new window
4.Weber, Max、羅久蓉(1991)。學術作爲一種志業。學術與政治：韋伯選集。台北：遠流。  延伸查詢new window
5.Weber, Max、錢永祥(1991)。政治作爲一種志業。學術與政治：韋伯選集。台北：遠流。  延伸查詢new window
6.Lang, Anthony F.(2007)。Morgenthau, Agency, and Aristotle。Realism Reconsidered: The Legacy of Hans J. Morgenthau in International Relations。New York：Oxford University Press。  new window
7.Morgenthau, Hans J.(1966)。The Purpose of Political Science。A Design for Political Science: Scope, Objectives and Methods。Philadelphia：American Academy of Political and Social Science。  new window
8.Morgenthau, Hans J.(1984)。Fragment of an Intellectual Autobiography。Truth and Tragedy: A Tribute to Hans J. Morgenthau。New Brunswick：Transaction Books。  new window
9.Turner, Stephen P.(2009)。Hans Morgenthau and the Legacy of Max Weber。Political Thought and International Relations。New York：Oxford University Press。  new window
10.林炫向(2011)。國際關係的規範論述。國際關係總論。新北市：揚智出版社。  延伸查詢new window
11.Scheuerman, William E.(2007)。Carl Schmitt and Hans Morgenthau: Realism and Beyond。Realism Reconsidered: The Legacy of Hans J. Morgenthau in International Relations。New York：Oxford University Press。  new window
12.Weber, Max(1946)。Politics as a Vocation。From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology。New York：Oxford University Press。  new window
13.Weber, Max(1946)。Science as a Vocation。From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology。New York：Oxford University Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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