近年來，我國國中小校長退休人數有快速增加的趨勢，對校務經營造成影響。為了解校長面臨之校務經營困難與退休原因，本研究採用文件分析法、問卷調查與訪談法，俾能深入探究國民中小學校長面臨之校務經營困難與退休原因、及其所造成之影響，並提出和緩校長退休潮之因應策略。本研究發現，我國國民中小學校長校務經營困難與退休因素主要包括：一、教育政策、行政業務與經費的相關因素；二、與家長、媒體及民意代表互動的因素；三、學校工作環境的因素；四、個人因素；五、其他因素等。為和緩校長退休潮，本研究建議：一、檢視並修正相關法令，營造權責相符的工作環境；二、明確規範中小學所承擔的教育內容與行政支援範圍；三、強化校長專業支持系統；四、檢討並修正校長遴選制度；五、強化校長的公關與危機處理能力；六、協助國中小校長做好生涯規劃。

Recent years, the retirement numbers of secondary and elementary school principals has rapidly increased in Taiwan. The study adopted documentary analysis, interview and questionnaire survey to fulfill the purposes. The study surveyed reasons why principals retired and brought up strategies to alleviate retirement boom. We found five main factors as follows: the first are about educational policies, administration, and expenditure; the second are interaction among parents, media, and legislators; the third are work environments of schools; the forth are personal factors; the fifth are other factors. According to the results, this study ultimately drew up significant suggestions to alleviate retirement boom: 1. Educational administration agencies should revise relevant laws and regulations so that the power of principals can weigh their responsibility. 2. Educational administration agencies should regulate educational contents which secondary and elementary schools should be responsible for. 3. Establishing support system for principals. 4. The educational administration agencies need to amend the system of recruiting and selecting principals. 5. It is important to strengthen the abilities of principals public relations and crisis management. Finally, the educational administration agencies should help principals do career planning.