政府績效管理是政府管理創新的基本路徑。目前，體制內自上而下、各自為政的各種 考評強化了部門的執行力，但亦成為推進政府績效管理的主要障礙，背後涉及的行政權力格局， 直指“頂層設計”。從理論邏輯及現實條件看，我國政府績效管理定位是“績效導向下的目標管 理”，旨在提高政府公信力。2011 年由國家監察部主導的國內政府績效管理的試點工作形成了 各具特色的地方模式，但2014年以來，領導體制調整發生了重大變化，政府績效管理試點工作 何去何從，成為社會關注的重大問題。

Performance management is a vital element in the creation of a government’s management structure. At present, various top-down and self-administered examinations and evaluations within the system have intensified the implementation capacity of all departments. However, it has also become a major barrier to deferring government’s performance management. The reason is related to the layout of administrative power, pointing directly to “top-notch design’. From the perspective of both theoretical logic and real-life observation, our government’s positioning for its performance management is the objective of management downward, aiming at improving its credibility. In 2011, the pilot work of the government’s performance management in China directed by the Ministry of Supervision has formed local models with characteristics. With tremendous changes taking place as a result of the adjustment of the leadership system in 2014, how to implement the pilot work of the government’s performance management has become a big concern.