Canada has adopted multiculturalism since the 1970s to pay tribute to differences and cultural diversity, to promote ethnic harmony and cross-cultural understanding, and to present as a "mosaic" society. As an institution for social education and cultural interpretation, the national museums play a key role in the sustainable development and social practice. The paper explores the history of establishing the national museums of Canada and examines how its recognition of multicultural tradition and respect for human rights can indicate the possibilities for national museums to respond to the needs of diverse ethnic groups.