Global climate change has affected the Arctic region with greater intensity than the rest of the world. With the phenomenon of climate change leads to melting of the Arctic permafrost, not only affect the surrounding neighbors, the traditional strategic and resource contention issues, but also lead to non-traditional security issues of global environmental and marine resources. Issues such as Arctic territorial disputes, commercial shipping through the Arctic, oil, gas, mineral exploration, and increased military operations in the Arctic could cause the region in coming years to become an arena of international cooperation or competition. There are multiple concerns in the issues of Arctic, including scramble for resources, territorial delimitation, channel deployment, geostrategic thinking of great powers, and the role of small state diplomacy. Hence, the following discussion provides an analysis of polar controversy considerations for the balance of power and national interests. This effort involves two tasks: 1) after reviewing the climate changes affecting the Arctic in Part I, this discussion addresses the diplomatic strategies among Norway, Iceland, and Denmark. 2) Part II discusses geostrategic thinking of great powers and diplomatic Statecraft of the Small Nordic Countries in the Arctic Circle.