國際交流與合作為國家圖書館重要政策，並在國圖六大願景及十四項策略中明白揭示，作為推動相關業務的依據。目前，除了出版品國際交換，國圖透過國際書展、國際組織、國際會議、圖書館參訪等方式，參與國際專業領域之交流；並獎助外籍學人和拓展國際數位合作和兩岸專業合作。另外，國圖與各國駐臺機構之文教合作，除帶給臺灣民眾更多不一樣的文化體驗，亦協助推動兩國文化交流。近年來，國圖國際合作的拓展，除了提高國際能見度及影響力、徵集更多學術資源供讀者使用，以及強化館員的國際事務知能外，支持政府的外交政策亦是極為重要的目標和方向。海外建置臺灣漢學資源中心計畫即為成功案例，不僅獲得政府補助款項，辦理國際交流和合作事宜，對於國圖國際關係和國際合作亦影響深遠。介紹國圖近年來與外國學術機構及圖書館之合作交流方式及項目。有的館際合作是多方面的，不限一種合作方式者，歸入廣泛性合作；有的合作僅針對特定項目，如聯合目錄、書目資料共建共享、館藏數位化、數位內容分享、圖書交換與贈送、人員專業發展、合辦講座、展覽、論壇及研討會、設置海外「臺灣漢學資源中心」等，則歸入特定項目之合作加以介紹。最後，以國際交流與合作面對的挑戰和問題，以及國際交流與合作的成果與意義作為結語。

International exchange and collaboration is the important policy at the National Central Library (NCL). In fact, its six visions and fourteen strategies clearly state as much and are the basis for efforts in this area. Currently, apart from international exchanges of publications, the NCL also engages in international book exhibitions, international organizations, international meetings, library visits, and other activities as a means of participating in professional exchanges internationally. It also provides research grants to foreign scholars and expands international digitization efforts and cross-strait professional collaboration. Furthermore, the NCL works with representative offices from various countries in matters of culture and education. These provide the citizens of Taiwan with even more varied cultural experiences and promote cultural exchange between the two countries. In recent years, the expansion of NCL's international exchange and collaboration has largely been done as a way to support Taiwan’s diplomatic policies, in addition to increasing its international visibility and influence, adding to its scholarly resources for patron use, and strengthening its staff’s professional abilities in international affairs. The project to establish Taiwan Resource Center for Chinese Studies （TRCCS） overseas is one successful example. This project has been awarded funding from the government and has had a profound impact on NCL's international relations and influence through its efforts in exchange and collaboration with foreign institutions. This paper introduces the types and content of NCL's recent exchange and collaboration with foreign scholarly institutions and libraries. Some projects with foreign libraries have been multifaceted and not limited to just one aspect. These are classified as wide-ranging collaborations. Other projects have been more limited and focused in certain projects, such as the union catalog, the co-creation and sharing of bibliographic resources, the digitization of library holdings, the sharing of digital content, book exchanges and donations, the professional development of personnel, co-hosted lectures, exhibitions, forums and conferences, the establishment of the TRCCS, etc. These are classified as collaborations on specific projects and are addressed individually in the paper. Lastly, a conclusion is given that addresses the challenges and issues with international exchanges and collaborative projects, as well as achievements and the significance of the same.