Sun Yat-sen, the father of Republic of China (ROC), values the concept of local self-government in his philosophy of governing a country. He once said that local self-government is the basis of a country, and without it the country will be frail. Basically, community development and township governance should both be the important parts in local self-government, and with the progress of time, both of which become important items and tools in government policy and administrative work. From the position of community development, it is necessary to concern about promoting the quality of life of the people which envisions the future through comprehensive development of every aspect from the economy, society, politics and education. The idea of community development and township governance are the two important parts in the concept of local self-government and they both can evoke the spontaneous spirit of the inhabitants. Besides, we should use the "concept of governance" to bring together the government, inhabitants and NPOs (or enterprise) and form a cooperative relationship. In this way, the government should be the supervisor or navigator in lieu of the leading role to deploy resources and arouse people's enthusiasm of self-improvement and this may be the highlight in governance.