臺中市西屯區下張犁地方張家祖廟，奉祀馬堂張氏入閩開基祖張文通公與渡臺歷代先祖。同治九年(1870)張氏族人租借民宅奉祀，稱為「牛埔仔公廳」，後來不敷使用，於是另建宗祠於下七張犁地方(現址)。後又鑑於祠域狹窄，發起擴大重建之議。明治37年(1904)，新祖廟創建於下七張犁「大厝」之南側，一百多年來迭有增修，迄今四合院格局與土埆建材仍不變，張家祖廟屬於雙進雙護龍格局，迄今未變；只是，原先符合風水之格局稍有更動。特別的是，張家祖廟在建築與裝飾上有著左右不對稱的現象，這現象反應了地主、祠堂與佃戶之空間組群與建築關係，為全省少見，具文化保存價值。張家祖廟於民國74年(1985)11月27日由臺中市政府公告指定為臺閩地區第三級古蹟，民國87年(1998)由市政府修復完成。本文先介紹祖廟興建時之環境、交通、水文及其附近大聚落，從而了解其「散村」型態之形成背景；接著談到祖廟之歷史與祭祀情形，了解馬堂張氏渡海來臺的淵源與祭祀活動。最後，著重探討其風水格局之營造，以及多處左右對比之建築與裝飾，並探討其形成原因。

The zhang jia zu miao, located at xiaxiaqizhangli Xitun Dist Taichung City, offers sacrifices to the first ancestor zhang-wen-tong who was the first enter Fujian and ancestors of zhang.The descendants of zhang rented other people's house for worshiping ancestors of zhang in Tongzhi nine years (1870). The house was called ＂niu puan ancestral shrine＂.Later, ＂niu puan ancestral shrine＂ was too narrow to use. The clansman of zhang decided to build an ancestral shrine at xiaxiaqizhangli. Then, the ancestral shrine became too narrow to use. The clansman of zhang decided to build a new larger ancestral shrine.In ming zhi thirty seven years (1904), the new ancestral shrine was built at south of the ＂da chuo＂ in xiaxiaqizhangli, which was zhang jia zu miao's predecessor.Over one hundred and thirty years, Zhang jia zu miao still keeps its siheyuan layout and its clod building materials.The layout of zhang jia zu miao is two halls and two wings. However, its feng shui layout has a bit of changes.It's worth to mention that the buildings and adorning of the Zhang jia zu miao are built asymmetrically. This asymmetrical arrangement reflects a different relationship between landowner、 ancestral shrine and tenant farmer. And the asymmetrical layout of siheyuan is very rare to see in Taiwan; therefore, this building is value to preserve. The Zhang jia zu miao was reported as a three-rated historic site in the region of Taiwan and Fujian by the Taichung government at November 27th, 1985. A restoration and repair of the historic building was conducted by the Taichung government in 1988. This article will first introduce a situation of environment、traffic、water conservancy and near villages when the Zhang jia zu miao was built, in order to understand a forming background of a ＂scattered village＂. Then, the article will discuss the history of Zhang jia zu miao and its worship.It will help to understand the origin and development of a ritual activities of ＂ma tang zhang＂ since they took a sail to Taiwan.Finally, the article will largely discuss the feng shui layout and the asymmetrical arrangement of Zhang jia zu miao. Particularly, it makes a focus on the cause of the formation.