When Eastern and Western CFL Learners Make Requests and Refusals: The Issue of Cultural Backgrounds_

:::

詳目顯示

第 1 筆 / 總合 1 筆

/1頁

來源文獻資料
外文摘要
引文資料

題名：	When Eastern and Western CFL Learners Make Requests and Refusals: The Issue of Cultural Backgrounds
書刊名：	Intergrams: Studies in Languages and Literatures
作者：	劉美惠／張容瑄
作者(外文)：	Liu, Mei-hui／Chang, Jung-hsuan
出版日期：	2018
卷期：	18:1
頁次：	頁(1)1-(1)34
主題關鍵詞：	語用學；言語行為；文化背景；以中文為外國語言；以中文表達請求；以中文表達拒絕；Pragmatics；Speech acts；Cultural background；Chinese as a foreign language；Chinese request；Chinese refusal
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:0 共同引用:4 點閱:0

This study investigated Chinese as a Foreign Language (CFL) learners’ pragmatic competence in making requests and refusals, specifically concerning the influence of cultural backgrounds on these learners’ speech act performance. The participants were 29 CFL learners, including 21 easterners and 8 westerners. Data collected from a 42-item Written Discourse Completion Task revealed potential transfer from participants’ native cultures to the use of target language. The major findings showed that eastern learners outperformed westerners in making requests but not in refusals, referring to the rubrics of directness, politeness, and Grice’s maxims. Generally, both groups of CFL learners attended to different social statuses when delivering these two speech acts. Yet, the extent to which eastern learners used polite utterance was more significant, compared to their counterparts. Pedagogical implications for Chinese language education and suggestions for future researchers are offered

以文找文

期刊論文
1.	Li, H.(2007)。A comparative study of refusal speech acts in Chinese and American English。Canadian Social Science，3(4)，64-67。
2.	Hassall, T.(2003)。Requests by Australian learners of Indonesian。Journal of Pragmatics，35(12)，1903-1928。
3.	Yuan, Yi(2001)。An inquiry into empirical pragmatics data-gathering methods: Written DCTs, oral DCTs, field notes, and natural conversations。Journal of Pragmatics，33(2)，271-292。
4.	Takahashi, T.、Beebe, L. M.(1987)。The development of pragmatic competence by Japanese learners of English。JALT Journal，8(2)，131-155。
5.	Allami, Hamid、Naeimi, Amin(2011)。A cross-linguistic study of refusals: An analysis of pragmatic competence development in Iranian EFL learners。Journal of Pragmatics，43(1)，385-406。
6.	Lin, M.-F.(2014)。An interlanguage pragmatic study on Chinese EFL Learners' refusal: Perception and performance。Journal of Language Teaching and Research，5(3)，642-653。
7.	Bardovi-Harlig, K.(1999)。Exploring the interlanguage of interlanguage pragmatics: A research agenda for acquisitional pragmatics。Language Learning，49(4)，677-713。
8.	Starr, Don(2009)。Chinese Language Education in Europe: the Confucius Institutes。European Journal of Education，44(1)，65-82。
9.	劉宇挺(20090700)。Attainability of a Native-like Lexical Processing System in Adult Second Language Acquisition: A Study of Advanced L2 Chinese Learners。語言暨語言學，10(3)，489-520。
10.	Lin, Yuh-Huey(2009)。Query preparatory modals: cross-linguistic and cross-situational variations in request modification。Journal of Pragmatics，41(8)，1636-1656。
11.	Chang, Yuh-Fang(2011)。Interlanguage pragmatic development: the relation between pragmalinguistic competence and sociopragmatic competence。Language Sciences，33(5)，786-798。
12.	Sykes, J. M.(2005)。Synchronous CMC and pragmatic development: Effects of oral and written chat。The CALICO Journal，22(3)，399-431。
13.	Razali, Nornadiah Mohd、Wah, Yap Bee(2011)。Power comparisons of Shapiro-Wilk, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Lilliefors and Anderson-Darling tests。Journal of Statistical Modeling and Analytics，2(1)，21-33。
14.	Chang, Yuh-Fang(2011)。Refusing in a foreign language: An investigation of problems encountered by Chinese learners of English。Multilingua，30(1)，71-98。
15.	Lundell, F. F.、Erman, B.(2012)。High-level requests: A study of long residency L2 users of English and French and native speakers。Journal of Pragmatics，44(6)，756-775。
16.	Taguchi, N.(2011)。Teaching pragmatics: Trends and issues。Annual Review of Applied Linguistics，31，289-310。
17.	Ma, R.(1992)。The role of unofficial intermediaries in interpersonal conflicts in the Chinese culture。Communication Quarterly，40，267-278。
18.	Abed, A. Q.(2011)。Pragmatic transfer in Iraqi EFL learners' refusals。International Journal of English Linguistics，1(2)，166-185。
19.	Guo, Y. L.(2012)。Chinese and American refusal strategy: A cross-cultural approach。Theory and Practice in Language Studies，2(2)，247-256。
20.	Ogiermann, E.(2009)。Politeness and in-directness across cultures: A comparison of English, German, Polish and Russian requests。Journal of Politeness Research，5(2)，189-216。
21.	Chen, R.、He, Lin、Hu, C.(2013)。Chinese requests: in comparison to American and Japanese requests and with reference to the "East-West divide"。Journal of Pragmatics，55，140-161。
22.	Dendenne, B.(2014)。"Could you help me with these bags, brother? My shoulders are falling." Transfer in IL requests performed by Algerian EFL learners。Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies，10(2)，29-47。
23.	Jalilifar, A.(2009)。Request strategies: Cross-sectional study of Iranian EFL learners and Australian native speakers。English Language Teaching，2(1)，46-61。
24.	Hassall, T.(2001)。Modifying requests in a second language。International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching，39(4)，259-284。
25.	Jalilifar, A.、Hashemian, M.、Tabatabaee, M.(2011)。A cross-sectional study of Iranian EFL learners' request strategies。Journal of Language Teaching and Research，2(4)，790-803。
26.	Li, Shuai(2014)。The effects of different levels of linguistic proficiency on the development of L2 Chinese request production during study abroad。System，45，103-116。
27.	Félix-Brasdefer, J. C.(2008)。Perceptions of refusals to invitations: Exploring the minds of foreign language learners。Language Awareness，17(3)，195-211。
28.	Al-Eryani, A. A.(2007)。Refusal strategies by Yemeni EFL learners。The Asian EFL Journal，9(2)，19-34。
29.	Al-Gahtani, S.、Roever, C.(2011)。Proficiency and sequential organization of L2 requests。Applied Linguistics，3，1-25。
30.	Bassetti, B.(2006)。Orthographic input and phonological representations in learners of Chinese as a foreign language。Written Language & Literacy，9(1)，95-114。
31.	Hu, J. H.(2015)。Comparative analysis of refusal strategies between French learners of Mandarin Chinese and Taiwanese native Mandarin speakers。Chung Yuan Journal of Teaching Chinese as a Second Language，16，31-80。
32.	Itakura, H.(2002)。Gender and pragmatic transfer in topic development。Language Culture and Curriculum，15(2)，161-183。
33.	Jiang, L.(2015)。An empirical study on pragmatic transfer in refusal speech act produced by Chinese high school EFL learners。English Language Teaching，8(7)，95-113。
34.	Kuhi, D.、Jadidi, M.(2012)。A study of Iranian EFL Learners' understanding and production of politeness in three speech acts: Request, refusal, and apology。Theory and Practice in Language Studies，2(12)，2624-2633。
35.	Lee, H.(2013)。The influence of social situations on fluency difficulty in Korean EFL learners' oral refusals。Journal of Pragmatics，50(1)，168-186。
36.	Li, H.(2011)。An empirical study of English pragmatic failure of Chinese non-English majors。Theory and Practice in Language Studies，1(7)，771-777。
37.	Li, S.、Taguchi, N.(2014)。The effects of practice modality on pragmatic development in L2 Chinese。The Modern Language Journal，98(3)，794-812。
38.	Liao, C. C.、Bresnahan, M. I.(1996)。A contrastive study on American English and Mandarin refusal strategies。Language Science，18，703-727。
39.	Liu, M. H.、Liao, Y. W.、Gauss, V.(2017)。EFL learners' use of modifications in making requests: Pragmalinguistic and sociopragmantic perspectives。NCUE Journal of Humanities，16，101-130。
40.	Mohammad, G.、Alireza, B.、Shirin, M.(2013)。Investigating cross-linguistic differences in refusal speech act among native Persian and English speakers。International Journal of Research Studies in Language Learning，2(4)，49-63。
41.	Morkus, N.(2014)。Refusals in Egyptian Arabic and American English。Journal of Pragmatics，70，86-107。
42.	Nordstokke, D. W.、Zumbo, B. D.(2010)。A new nonparametric Levene test for equal variances。Psicológica: Revista de Metodología y Psicología Experimental，31(2)，401-430。
43.	Sarfo, E.(2011)。Variations in ways of refusing requests in English among members of a college community in Ghana。African Nebula，3，1-15。
44.	Sattar, H. Q. A.、Lah, S. C.、Suleiman, R. R. R.(2011)。Refusal strategies in English by Malay university students。GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies，11(3)，69-81。
45.	Shu, Z. M.(2007)。Quantitative analysis on interlanguage refusal of Chinese as second language learners。Journal of Chinese Language Teaching，4(1)，99-124。
46.	Skewis, M.(2003)。Mitigated directness in Honglou meng: Directive speech acts and politeness in eighteenth century Chinese。Journal of Pragmatics，35(2)，161-189。
47.	Taguchi, N.(2007)。Task difficulty in oral speech act production。Applied Linguistics，28(1)，113-135。
48.	Taguchi, N.(2015)。Pragmatics in Chinese as a second/foreign language。Studies in Chinese Learning and Teaching，1(1)，3-17。
49.	Takimoto, M.(2006)。The effects of explicit feedback and form–meaning processing on the development of pragmatic proficiency in consciousness-raising tasks。System，34(4)，601-614。
50.	Tawalbeh, A.、Al-Oqaily, E.(2012)。In-directness and politeness in American English and Saudi Arabic requests: A cross-cultural comparison。Asian Social Science ASS，8(10)，85-98。
51.	Wang, J.、Spencer, K.、Xing, M.(2009)。Metacognitive beliefs and strategies in learning Chinese as a foreign language。System，37(1)，46-56。
52.	Wannaruk, A.(2008)。Pragmatic transfer in Thai EFL refusals。RELC journal，39(3)，318-337。
53.	Zhang, W.(2012)。Not just a "bu": Perception and production of Chinese-as-foreign-language (CFL) learners' face-threatening speech acts of refusal。The Journal of Language Teaching and Learning，2(2)，51-74。
54.	Economidou-Kogetsidis, M.(2010)。Cross-cultural and situational variation in requesting behaviour: Perceptions of social situations and strategic usage of request patterns。Journal of Pragmatics，42(8)，2262-2281。
55.	Kasper, Gabriele(1992)。Pragmatic transfer。Second Language Research，8(3)，203-231。
56.	Yum, June Ock(1988)。The impact of Confucianism on interpersonal relationships and communication patterns in East Asia。Communication Monographs，55(4)，374-388。
57.	Blum-Kulka, Shoshana(1987)。Indirectness and politeness in requests: same or different?。Journal of Pragmatics，11(2)，131-146。
58.	Hong, Wei(1996)。An empirical study of Chinese request strategies。International Journal of Sociology of Language，122(1)，127-138。
59.	Wishnoff, J. R.(2000)。Hedging your bets: L2 learners' acquisition of pragmatic devices in academic writing and computer-mediated discourse。Second Language Studies，19(1)，119-148。
60.	Hong, W.(2011)。Refusals in Chinese: How do L1 and L2 differ?。Foreign Language Annals，44(1)，122-136。

學位論文
1.	Lai, W. X.(2012)。Learning difficulties of refusal strategies and pedagogical applications by Australia learners of Chinese(碩士論文)。National Taiwan Normal University。
2.	Li, W. Y.(2005)。A Cross-cultural study on the refusal strategy of the U.S.A. and Canada learners of Mandarin Chinese(碩士論文)。National Kaohsiung Normal Unive。
3.	Osaki(2011)。An Interlanguage pragmatic study of refusals--Japanese learners of Chinese(碩士論文)。National Taiwan Normal University。

圖書
1.	Orton, J.(2008)。The current state of Chinese language education in Australian schools。Melbourne：The University of Melbourne。
2.	Austin, John L.、Urmson, J. O.(1965)。How to Do Things with Words。Oxford University Press。
3.	Xing, Janet Zhiqun(2006)。Teaching and Learning Chinese as a Foreign Language: A Pedagogical Grammar。Hong Kong：Hong Kong University Press。
4.	Searle, John R.、Vanderveken, Daniel(1985)。Foundations of Illocutionary Logic。Cambridge University Press。
5.	Blum-Kulka, Shoshana、House, Julian、Kasper, Gabriele(1989)。Cross-cultural pragmatics: requests and apologies。Norwood, NJ：Ablex Publishing Corporation。
6.	Trosborg, Anna(1995)。Interlanguage pragmatics: Requests, complaints, and apologies。Mouton de Gruyter。
7.	Barron, A.(2003)。Acquisition in interlanguage pragmatics: Learning how to do things with words in a study abroad context。John Benjamins Publishing。
8.	Leech, G. N.(2016)。Principles of pragmatics。Routledge/Taylor & Francis。
9.	Yule, G.(2008)。Pragmatics。Oxford：Oxford University Press。
10.	Brown, H. Douglas、Lee, Heekyeong(2015)。Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy。Pearson Education。
11.	Soler, Eva Alcón、Martínez-Flor, A.(2008)。Investigating pragmatics in foreign language learning, teaching and testing。Bristol：Multilingual Matters。
12.	Ishihara, N.、Cohen, A. D.(2014)。Teaching and learning pragmatics: Where language and culture meet。Edinburgh：Pearson Education Limited。
13.	Jordà, M. P. S.(2005)。Third language learners: Pragmatic production and awareness。Clevedon：Multilingual Matters。
14.	Searle, John R.(1969)。Speech Acts: An Essay in the Philosophy of Language。Cambridge University Press。
15.	Brown, Penelope、Levinson, Stephen C.(1987)。Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage。Cambridge University Press。

其他
1.	Association for Psychological Science(20110413)。Cultural differences are evident deep in the brain of Caucasian and Asian people，www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/04/110411163922.htm。
2.	Konakahara, M.(2009)。Request strategies and internal modifications in Japanese learners of English，http://www.baal.org.uk/proc09/konakahara.pdf。

圖書論文
1.	Bardovi-Harlig, K.(2001)。Evaluating the empirical evidence: Grounds for instruction in pragmatics?。Pragmatics in language teaching。Cambridge University Press。
2.	Bardovi-Harlig, Kathleen、Hartford, B. S.(1991)。Saying "no" in English: Native and nonnative rejections。Pragmatics and Language Learning。Urbana-Champaign, IL：University of Illinois。
3.	Rintell, Ellen、Mitchell, Candace J.(1989)。Studying requests and apologies: An inquiry into method。Cross-cultural pragmatics: Requests and apologies。Norwood, NJ：Ablex。
4.	Chen, Xing、Ye, Lei、Zhang, Yanyin(1995)。Refusing in Chinese。Pragmatics of Chinese as Native and Target Language。Hawaii University Press。
5.	Kasper, G.、Roever, C.(2005)。Pragmatics in second language learning。Handbook of research in second language teaching and learning。Mahwah, NJ：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.。
6.	Searle, J. R.(1985)。A Taxonomy of Illocutionary Acts。Expression and Meaning: Studies in the Theory of Speech Acts。New York, NY：Cambridge University Press。
7.	Kapser, G.、Rose, K. R.(2001)。Pragmatics in language teaching。Pragmatics in language teaching。Cambridge University Press。
8.	Félix-Brasdefer, J. C.、Bardovi-Harling, K.(2010)。"I'm sorry. Can I think about it?" The negotiation of refusals in academic and non-academic contexts。Pragmatics: Teaching speech acts。Alexandria, VA：TESOL。
9.	Roever, C.(2009)。Teaching and testing pragmatics。The handbook of language teaching。NJ：Wiley-Blackwell。
10.	Spencer-Oatey, H.、Žegarac, V.(2010)。Pragmatics。An introduction to applied linguistics。London：Hodder & Stoughton Ltd.。
11.	Wen, X.(2014)。Pragmatic development: An exploratory study of requests by learners of Chinese。Second language acquisition of Chinese: A series of empirical studies。Bristol：Multilingual Matters。

推文
推薦
引用網址
引用嵌入語法
轉寄

top

:::

相關期刊
相關論文
相關專書
相關著作
熱門點閱

1.	Revisiting the Practice of Keyword-Semantic Mnemonics in L2 Chinese Vocabulary Instruction from the Cognitive Perspective
2.	Linguistic Relativity in L2 Acquisition: Chinese-English Bilinguals' Reading of Chinese Counterfactual Statements
3.	Enhancing L2 Digital Reading for EFL Learners
4.	Focus on Form as a Pedagogical Framework for Fostering a Native-like Mandarin Tonal Identification System
5.	法文恭維用語探討與教學應用
6.	Attainability of a Native-like Lexical Processing System in Adult Second Language Acquisition: A Study of Advanced L2 Chinese Learners
7.	「時然後言」--《左傳》言語交際因時制宜之舉隅

無相關博士論文

無相關書籍

無相關著作

無相關點閱

QR Code

臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫系統

詳目顯示

臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫