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來源文獻資料
摘要
外文摘要
引文資料
題名:
以遺產稅資料分析我國財富分配不均與財富之組成
書刊名:
經濟論文叢刊
作者:
伍大開
/
陳國樑
作者(外文):
Wu, Da-kai
/
Chen, Joe
出版日期:
2018
卷期:
46:4
頁次:
頁523-567
主題關鍵詞:
財富分配不均
;
財富組成
;
遺產稅
;
Wealth inequality
;
Wealth composition
;
Estate tax
原始連結:
連回原系統網址
相關次數:
被引用次數:期刊(
3
) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
排除自我引用:
3
共同引用:
13
點閱:7
本文藉由2001年至2015年遺產稅申報資料,分析台灣財富分配不均及財富組成情形。研究結果發現財富分配不均程度近年來之逐漸增加,與金融資產愈趨集中於富人相關;此外,財富集中的分配不均情形,不僅發生在貧富之間,單就富人族群,也可觀察到財富集中化的現象。在財富組成部分則可觀察到,相較於不動產與其他非金融資產,國人漸趨偏好金融資產,其原因可能在於,遺產稅有效稅率下降,減少持有不動產以規避租稅的誘因。雖然金融資產占財富總額比例增加,但土地仍為國人主要持有財產。本文另外以迴歸模型探討遺產稅有效稅率與財富組成的關係,其結果顯示,遺產稅有效稅率對於土地占財富總額比例為顯著正相關,對於存款與投資占財富總額比例則為顯著負相關,代表個體面對較高的租稅負擔,傾向利用稅制之下土地評價低估的方式獲取租稅利益。稅制不但扭曲個人對於資產種類的選擇,也影響個體資產配置的決策。
以文找文
Based on estate tax returns from 2001 to 2015 and using the estate multiplier method to blow up the sample of decedents to represent the number of the living, this paper analyzes wealth inequality and wealth composition in Taiwan. The results suggest that the degree of wealth inequality has gradually increased in recent years, in accordance with the observation that financial assets became more concentrated. In addition, the concentration of wealth and the resulting inequality is not only between the rich and the poor; it also happens within the rich group. At the same time, the results suggest a tendency to hold more financial assets as opposed to real estate and other non-financial assets. One of the possible explanations is that the decreasing effective tax rate of the estate tax reduces incentives to hold real estates for tax benefits. Despite the increase in the proportion of financial assets, land is still the major choice of property holding as measured by the ratio of wealth. The second part of the study uses regression analyses to explore the relationship between the effective tax rate (of the estate tax) and the composition of wealth. Results show that the effective estate tax rate is positively correlated with the ratio of land to total wealth, and negatively correlated with the ratio of deposits and investment. These results show that when facing a higher tax burden, individuals tend to take advantage of the undervaluing of land in the current tax system to obtain tax benefits. This adds to existing evidence that taxes distorts individuals' choice of asset types, and affects individuals' decisions on asset allocation.
以文找文
期刊論文
1.
Kopczuk, Wojciech、Saez, Emmanuel(2004)。Top Wealth Shares in the United States, 1916-2000: Evidence from Estate Tax Returns。National Tax Journal,57(2),445-487。
2.
Alesina, Alberto、Rodrik, Dani(1994)。Distributive Politics and Economic Growth。Quarterly Journal of Economics,109(2),465-490。
3.
銀慶貞、陶宏麟、洪嘉瑜(20120300)。補習對考大學真的有用嗎?。經濟論文叢刊,40(1),73-118。
延伸查詢
4.
Feldstein, Martin(1976)。Personal Taxation and Portfolio Composition: An Econometric Analysis。Econometrica,44,631-650。
5.
Hubbard, R. Glenn(1985)。Personal Taxation, Pension Wealth, and Portfolio Composition。Review of Economics and Statistics,67,53-60。
6.
Kaplan, Steven N.、Rauh, Joshua D.(1982)。Sources of Wealth Among the Richest Americans, 1982-2012。American Economic Review,103,158-162。
7.
Keister, Lisa A.、Moller, Stephanie(2000)。Wealth Inequality in the United States。Annual Review of Sociology,26,63-81。
8.
Kopczuk, Wojciech(2015)。What Do We Know about the Evolution of Top Wealth Shares in the United States。Journal of Economic Perspectives,29(1),47-66。
9.
Mallet, Bernard(1908)。A Method of Estimating Capital Wealth from Estate Duty Statistics。Journal of the Royal Statistical Society,71,65-101。
10.
Mirrlees, James A.(2016)。Capital and Inequality。Contemporary Economic Policy,34,399-402。
11.
Ochmann, Richard(2014)。Differential Income Taxation and Household Asset Allocation。Applied Economics,46,880-894。
12.
Piketty, Thomas、Postel-Vinay, Gilles、Rosenthal, Jean-Laurent(2006)。Wealth Concentration in a Developing Economy: Paris and France, 1807-1994。American Economic Review,96(1),236-256。
13.
Smith, James D.(1984)。Trends in the Concentration of Personal Wealth in the United States, 1958-1976。Review of Income and Wealth,30,419-428。
14.
Wolff, Edward N.(1998)。Recent Trends in the Size Distribution of Household Wealth。Journal of Economic Perspectives,12,131-150。
15.
King, Mervyn A.、Leape, Jonathan I.(1998)。Wealth and Portfolio Composition: Theory and Evidence。Journal of Public Economics,69(2),155-193。
16.
Heckman, James Joseph(1979)。Sample Selection Bias as a Specification Error。Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society,47(1),153-162。
研究報告
1.
Chu, Cyrus Chin(2015)。Top Incomes in Taiwan, 1977-2013。
學位論文
1.
陳慧圈(1997)。影響台灣所得分配之因素的探討--兼論台灣的財富分配(博士論文)。國立中正大學。
延伸查詢
2.
蔡文松(2005)。財富分配之理論研析與實際--以臺灣國富調查為例(碩士論文)。國立政治大學。
延伸查詢
圖書
1.
Wooldridge, Jeffrey M.(2002)。Economic Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data。MIT Press。
2.
Collins, Chuck、Hoxie, Josh(2017)。Billionaire Bonanza。Washington, D.C.:Institute for Policy Studies。
3.
Dabla-Norris, Era、Kochhar, Kalpana、Suphaphiphat, Nujin、Ricka, Frantisek、Tsounta, Evridiki(2015)。Causes and Consequences of Income Inequality: A Global Perspective。Washington, D.C.:International Monetary Fund。
4.
OECD(2015)。In It Together: Why Less Inequality Benefits All。OECD。
5.
Rosen, Harvey S.、Gayer, Ted、Civan, A.(2014)。Public Finance。McGraw-Hill Education。
圖書論文
1.
Dicks-Mireaux, Louis、King, Mervyn A.(1983)。Portfolio Composition and Pension Wealth: An Econometric Study。Financial Aspects of the United States Pension System。Chicago:University of Chicago Press。
2.
Lampman, Robert J.(1962)。The Share of Top Wealth-Holders in Personal Wealth, 1922-56。The Share of Top Wealth Holders in National Wealth, 1922-1956。Princeton, New Jersey:Princeton University Press。
3.
Saez, Emmanuel(2006)。Income and Wealth Concentration in a Historical and International Perspective。Public Policy and the Income Distribution。New York:Russell Sage Foundation Press。
4.
Wolff, Edward N.(1995)。The Rich Get Increasingly Richer: Latest Data on Household Wealth during the 1980s。Research in Politics and Society。Greenwich:JAI Press。
5.
Wooldridge, Jeffery M.(1995)。Score Diagnostics for Linear Models Estimated by Two Stage Least Squares。Advances in Econometrics and Quantitative Economics: Essays in Honor of Professor C. R. Rao。Oxford:Wiley。
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