Objectives: In accordance with indoor air quality management regulations, the bacteria concentrations of public spaces in healthcare facilities are determined by using microbial cultures, a method that is time-consuming and inefficient. This study examines the feasibility and applicability of using a semi-portable fluorescence microbe sensor in hospital settings to quickly obtain the potential spatial distribution of airborne bacteria. Methods: Eight hospitals were selected as sampling sites. Both the fluorescence microbe sensor and microbial culture of air samplers were used. Parallel sampling was performed in hospital areas accessible to the public, air conditioning facilities, and fresh air inlets. Results: Fluorescence intensities obtained by microbe fluorescence detection were found to be highly correlated to the bacterial concentrations at 21 sampling locations. When the measured fluorescence intensity is higher than 2.82 V/s, the estimated bacterial concentration has a high probability of exceeding 1,500 CFU/m^3, which is the maximum legal limit. Conclusions: In hospitals where levels of bacteria exceed the legal threshold, the microbe sensor can be used as a fast screening tool to identify the potential spatial distribution of bacteria in real time. Upon completing further studies and comparing more data, using fluorescence intensity to estimate bacteria concentrations is expected to become a more feasible and effective method of monitoring indoor air quality in hospitals.