This study, which treats the railroad in the northern Korean Peninsula, aims to review its development during the Japanese Occupation. For this, the study collected and analyzed the primary materials such as the autobiography of Kim Il-sung, the autobiography of Kim Jung-il, and the railroad documents of the Soviet Union's military government in North Korea. The transportation in North Korea is composed of the main role of railroad and the supporting role of roads, which policy has remained steadfast from the Period of Japanese Occupation to this day. The late years of the Joseon period saw the opening of Gyeongin Line. The development of the railroad in North Korea went into high gear when the Japanese Empire aimed to exploit the local natural resources and invade Manchuria. The Department of Railroad of the Japanese colonial government in Korea and South Manchuria Railway Company equally adopted the standard-gauge railway (1,435 mm) and adopted the narrow-gauge railway only for a few areas. During the Russo-Japanese War, the Manchurian Incident, and the Second Sino-Japanese War, the railroad in the Korean Peninsula was used to plunder the natural resources and for invasion. The total length of the railroad developed by the Japanese colonial government in Korea was 6,497 km, which accounted for about 70% of the current railroad in North Korea. The current framework of the North Korean railroad has its archetype in the Period of Japanese Occupation. Some private railroad company engaged in the development for the purpose of development of minerals and tourism, while South Manchurian Railway Company handled the development in some other regions. As the Japanese Empire withdrew in the wake of its defeat and the Soviet Union's Pacific forces invaded the region, some of the railroad and related facilities were destroyed while others faced plundering in various forms during the confusion. The Japanese Empire did not train Koreans as scientists or high-caliber engineers for the major industries, which was also the case with railroad. Therefore, the Soviet military government which came to control the major industrial facilities in North Korea and Kim Il-sung's (subsequently, the North Korean) regime that took them over from the Soviets had difficulty in restoring them. In the early days following the National Liberation, the major industries and railroad entirely went out of operation in North Korea. The Ministry of Transportation of the Kim Il-sung regime undertook its restoration with the support of the Soviet Union and the Ministry of Railroad came into being as a separate ministry. What is notable about this period is the fact that North Korea and the Communist Party of China used the North Korean railroad to carry military forces, supplies, industrial equipment, and key persons during the Chinese Civil War. The major industrial facilities from the Communist-occupied regions were moved to the northern part of North Korea, using the railroad. The materiel, forces, and key persons that arrived to Nampo from Hong Kong, Shanghai, Shandong, and Dalian moved to different parts in Manchuria through the North Korean railroad. Furthermore, the Korean Corridor stretching from Rajin and Sinuiju laid the cornerstone for the Communist victory in the Manchurian battles. The contemporary North Korean railroad was a device that symbolized the North Korea-China friendship.