Oxford University Press (OUP) is one of the oldest university presses in the world. The article briefly looks back at OUP’s 501 year history; highlights several main figures such as Laude, Fell, Blackstone, Price, and Cannon. The article also briefly describes the publishing of the Revised Version of the New Testament in 1881, and the long, difficult process of completing the Oxford English Dictionary. The lesion learned from the OUP’s history is that the university press is an integral part of the university and academic community as is the university library; therefore, it needs the university administrator’s spiritual and financial support. A university press also needs a strong leader combined with the scholarly authority and financial insight in order to succeed in the highly competitive commercial world.