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題名:進化、圖書館、及國家資訊政策
書刊名:圖書館學與資訊科學
作者:Swanson,Don R.周寧森
出版日期:1981
卷期:7:2
頁次:頁224-245
主題關鍵詞:國家資訊政策圖書館
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(1) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:0
  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:21
本文討論到進化的機能,以變與擇,或試誤-淘汰為準而下定義時,是為知識成長之過程,及龐大而繁雜的系統能得改進之過程的基石。如果,將在大系統中企圖之改良,限於其中小的組合,變亦將不可避免之失誤,限於小的尺度上。大幅度的長期系統計劃,可導致大幅度的失誤。所以,為了要計劃和設計擎天一柱式的系統--集中控制和有全面目標的系統--我們應將重心置於進化的機能,以之激勵在此系統中自主各單位之淘汰錯誤的革新性。當將這些理論應用到圖書館及其有關之服務上時,他們便能解釋,為何格新的發展,如線上資訊服務等,常是由私人企業創始之故,而私人承包及競爭,供給了試誤-淘汰之機能。 這些理論,也強調了在某些圖書館服務中徵收費用之好處。國家資訊政策,應強調保護,及鼓勵試誤進化的機能。
期刊論文
1.Swanson, Don R.(1980)。Libraries and the Growth of Knowledge。Library Quarterly,50(1),112-134。  new window
2.Burr, Pat L.、Heckman, Richard J.(1979)。Why So Many Small Businesses Flop and Some Succeed。Across the Board,16,46-48。  new window
3.Wilson, Patrick(1980)。Limits to the Growth of Knowledge: The Case of the Social and Behavioral Sciences。Library Quarterly,50(1),4-21。  new window
4.Cuadra, Carlos A.(1980)。The Role of the Private Sector in the Development and Improvement of Library and Information Services。Library Quarterly,50(1),94-111。  new window
5.Avram, Henriette D.(1978)。Toward a Nationwide Library Network。Journal of Library Administration,11(4),285-298。  new window
圖書
1.Hayek, Friedrich A.(1973)。Law Legislation, and Liberty, Volume 1: Rules and Order。Chicago:The University of Chicago Press。  new window
2.Hayek, Friedrich A.(1960)。The Constitution of Liberty。Chicago:University of Chicago Press。  new window
3.Popper, Karl R.(1975)。Objective Knowledge--An Evolutionary Approach。Oxford:Clarendon Press。  new window
4.Popper, Karl R.(1963)。The Open Society and Its Enemies。New York。  new window
5.Popper, Karl R.(1968)。Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge。New York。  new window
6.(1978)。Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1978。Washington, DC:Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census。  new window
7.(1979)。Illinois White House Conference on Libraries and Information Services Newsletter。  new window
8.(1978)。Chronolog。  new window
9.Pole, Jack Richon(1978)。The Pursuit of Equality in American History。University of California Press。  new window
10.Olson, Mancur Jr.(1971)。The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of Groups。Harvard University Press。  new window
圖書論文
1.Berninger, Douglas E.、Adkinson, Burton W.(1978)。Interaction between the Public and Private Sectors in National Information Programs。Annual Review of Information Science and Technology。White Plains, NY:Knowledge Industry Publications。  new window
2.Watson, Peter(1978)。The Dilemma of Fees for Service: Issues and Action for Librarians。The ALA Yearbook 1978。Chicago:American Library Association。  new window
 
 
 
 
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