決定幼兒學校品質之因素及其影響幼兒學習效果之研究__臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫

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題名：	決定幼兒學校品質之因素及其影響幼兒學習效果之研究
書刊名：	臺南師院學報
作者：	許惠欣
出版日期：	1991
卷期：	24
頁次：	頁179-194
主題關鍵詞：	幼兒學校；品質
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(7) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:7 共同引用:0 點閱:21

　　　　　本文的目的一方面從研究學者之觀點、評量幼兒學校品質之因素，另一方面則從文獻研究中探討這些影響幼兒學校品質之因素如何影響幼兒之學習效果。結果顯示「好」（高）品質之幼兒學校需符合六項標準：(1)班級人數（三至六歲幼兒一班以不超過20人為宜）；(2)師生比例低（三歲以下幼兒以不大於1:5，三至六歲幼兒以不大於1:10為原則）；(3)師資訓練專業化（修習課程應包括兒童發展　、兒童保育、幼兒教育或與兒童有關之領域；(4)物質環境優良具有安全性、符合兒童尺寸、設備豐富、使用率高與室內外活動空間大）；(5)課程效果好（以發展兒童之全人格為目標，兼重團體與個別活的，兼採結 ?與自由開放之綜合課程）；與(6)師生互動關係積極而頻繁。然而改善幼兒學習效果之關鍵卻繫於「減少班級人數」。總而言之，「班級人數少」才是好品質之幼兒學校之先決與關鍵性因素。

以文找文

　　　　　The purposes of this article were on the one hand to explore the factors which affect preschool quality from the researchers' viewpoints, evaluation tools of preschool quality, and the reasons that parents chose preschools or felt satisfied with the preschools, and on the other hand to investigate the effects of these factors. The results showed that the six requirements for "good" or "high" preschool quality are: (1)small group size (no more than 20 children in a group from age 3 to 6); (2)low teacher/child ration (no higher than 1:5 for children under 3, and no higher than 1:10 for children aged 3 to 6); (3)professional teacher training (specialized education in child-related fields such as child deve lopment, child care, early childhood education); (4)good physical environment (safety, child-sized equipment, the availability of various equipment, and large indoor and outdoor space); (5)good effects of program (the development of the whole child, a mixture of group and individual activities, a blend of structure and free openness); and (6)positive and frequent teacher-child interaction. One of the effective ways to improve the young children's learning outcomes is to decrease the group size. In one word, "small group size" is the prerequisite and critical factor of good) high preschool quality.

以文找文

期刊論文
1.	Smith, A. N.、Spence, C. M.(1980)。National day care study: Optimizing the day care environment。American Journal of Orthopsychiatry，50(4)，718-721。
2.	Doke, L. A.、Risley, T. R.(1972)。The organization of day care environments: required vs. optional activities。Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis，5，405-420。
3.	Carew, J.(1980)。Experience and the development of intelligence in young children at home and in day care。Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development，45(6/7)，1-115。
4.	Howes, C.(1983)。Caregiver behavior in center and family day care。Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology，4(1)，99-107。
5.	Nurss, J. R.、Hough, R. A.(1983)。Providing High Quality Child Care。Day Care Early Education，11，33-35。
6.	Miezitis, S.(1971)。The Montessori method: Some recent research。Interchange，2(2)，41-59。
7.	Reuter, J.、Yunik, G.(1973)。Social interaction in nursery schools。Developmental Psychology，9(3)，319-325。
8.	Yussen, S. R.、Mathews, S. M.、Knight, J. W.(1980)。Performance of Montessori and traditionally schooled nursery children on social cognitive tasks and memory problems。Contemporary Educational Psychology，5，124-137。
9.	Miller, L. B.、Byer, J. L.(1975)。Four preschool programs: Their dimensions and effects。Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development，40(5/6)=162，1-170。
10.	Schweinhart, L. J.、Weikart, D. P.、Larner, M. B.(1986)。Consequences of three preschool curriculum models through age 15。Early Childhood Research Quarterly，1(1)，15-45。
11.	Field, T. M.(1980)。Preschool Play: Effects of Teacher/Child Ratios and Organization of Classroom Space。Child study Journal，10(3)，191-205。
12.	Berk, L. E.(1985)。Relationship of educational attainment, child-oriented attitudes, job satisfaction, and career commitment to caregiver behaviors towards children。Child Care Quarterly，14，103-129。
13.	Bradbard, M. R.、Endsley, R. C.(1978)。Developing a parent guide to quality day care centers。Child Care Quarterly，7，279-295。
14.	Fagot, B. I.(1973)。Influence of teacher behavior in the preschool。Developmental Psychology，9，198-206。
15.	Chattin-McNichols, J. P.(1981)。The effects of Montessori school experience。Young Children，36(5)，49-66。
16.	Fowler, W.(1975)。How adult/child ratio influence infant development。Interchange，6(1)，17-31。
17.	Honig, A. S.(1983)。Quality training for infant caregivers。Child Care Quarterly，12(2)，121-135。
18.	Howes, C.、Olenick, M.(1986)。Child care and family influences on toddler compliance。Chid Development，57，202-214。
19.	Innes, R. B.、Banspach, S. W.、Woodman, J. D.(1982)。A comparison of the environments of day care centers and group day care homes for 3-year-olds。Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology，3(1)，41-56。
20.	McCartney, K.(1984)。Effect of quality of day cafe environment on children's language development。Developmental Psychology，20(2)，244-260。
21.	McCartney, K.、Scan, S.、Phillips, D.、Grajek, S.(1985)。Day cane as intervention: Comparisons of varying quality programs。Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology，6，247-260。
22.	Murphy, M. J.、Goldner, R. P.(1976)。Effects of teaching orientation on social interaction in nursery school。Journal of Educational Psychology，68(6)，725-728。
23.	Neill, S. R.(1982)。Preschool design and child behavior。Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Applied Disciplines，23(3)，309-318。
24.	Prendergast, R.(1969)。Pre-reading skills developed in Montessori and conventional nursery schools。The Elementary School Journal，70(3)，135-141。
25.	Heinicke, Christoph M.、Friedman, David、Prescott, Elizabeth、Puncel, Conchita、Sale, June Solnit(1973)。The organization of day care: Considerations rating to the mental health of child and family。American Journal of Orthopsychiatry，43(1)，8-22。
26.	Prescott, E.(1982)。Relations between physical setting and adult/child behavior in day care。Advances in Early Education and Day Care，2，129-158。
27.	Shapiro, S.(1975)。Some classroom ABC's: Research takes a Closer look。Elementary School Journal，75，436-441。
28.	Tizard, B.、Phillips, J.、Plewis, I.(1976)。Staff behavior in preschool centers。Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry，17，21-33。
29.	Tzelepis, A.、Giblin, P. T.、Agronow, S. J.(1983)。Effects of adult-caregiver's behaviors on the activities of preschool day care children。Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology，4(2)，201-216。
30.	Vandell, D. L.、Powers, C. P.(1983)。Day care quality and children's free play activities。American Journal of Orthopsychiatry，53(3)，493-500。
31.	White, J. M.、Yussen, S. R.、Docherty, E. M.(1976)。Performance of Montessori and traditionally schooled nursery children on tasks of seriation, classification, and conservation。Contemporary Educational Psychology，1，356-368。
32.	Miller, L. B.、Bizzell, R. P.(1983)。Long-term effects of four preschool programs: Sixth, seventh, and eighth grades。Child Development，54(3)，727-741。
33.	Miller, L. B.、Bizzell, R. P.(1984)。Long-term effects of four preschool programs: Ninth and tenth grades results。Child Development，55(4)，1570-1587。

學位論文
1.	Horner, W.(1974)。Day care and the primary care provider: An exploratory study based on parent responses to their day care program(博士論文)。University of California at Berkley。
2.	Rothschild, M.(1978)。Public school center vs. family home day care: Single parents' reasons for selection(碩士論文)。San Diego State University，San Diego, CA。

圖書
1.	Smith, P. L.、Connolly, K. J.(1980)。The Ecology of Preschool Behavior。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。
2.	Travers, J.、Goodson, B. D.、Singer, J. D.、Connell, D. B.(1980)。Research results of the National Day Care Study。Cambridge, MA：Abt Books。
3.	Ruopp, R.、Traver, J.、Glantz, F.、Coelen, C.(1979)。Children at the Center。Cambridge, MA：Abt Boots。
4.	Ainslie, R. C.(1984)。The child and the day care setting: Qualitative variations and development。NY：Praeger Publishers。
5.	Auerbach-Fink, S.(1973)。A report on child care consumers in San Francisco: A of parental expectations for child care services from a cross-cultural perspective。San Francisco：Far West Laboratory for Educational Research and Development。
6.	Bruner, J.(1980)。Under 5 in Britain。Ypsilanti, MI：High/Scope Press。
7.	Clarke-Stewart, A.(1982)。Daycare。Cambridge, Massachusetts。
8.	Greenman, J. T.、Fuqua, R. W.(1984)。Making day care better: Training, evaluation, and the process of change。NY：Teachers College, Columbia University。
9.	Karnes, M. B.(1969)。Research and development program on preschool disadvantaged children。U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare。
10.	NAEYC(1984)。Accreditation criteria and procedures: Position Statement of the National Academy of Early Childhood Programs。Washington, D. C.：NAEYC。
11.	Pettygrove, W. B.(1980)。Competence for children's sake: Summary report of a research project on the Child Development Associate Credential。Washington, D. C.：National Institute of Education。
12.	Rodes, T.(1975)。National Childcare Consumer Study: 1975. Vol. III: American consumer attitudes and opinions on child care。Washington, D. C.：Office of Child Development, Department of Health, Education and Welfare。

其他
1.	Arnett, J. D.(1986)。Caregivers in Day Care Centers: Does Training Matter?。
2.	Comfort, M. H.(1985)。Factors that Contribute to Parent Satisfaction with Day Care。
3.	Back, S.(1977)。A comparison of cognitive and social development in British Infant and Montessori preschools。
4.	Morgan, S. M.(1978)。A comparative assessment of some aspects of the development of the concept of number, arithmetic skills in Montessori and traditional preschools。
5.	Olenick, M. R.(1986)。The relationship between day care quality and selected social policy variables。
6.	Zobery, K. C.(1987)。Quality child care for preschoolers: A study of mothers' and early childhood educators' perceptions。

圖書論文
1.	Ruopp, R. R.、Travers, J.(1982)。Janus faces day care: perspectives on quality and cost。Day care: scientific and social policy issues。Boston：Auburn House。
2.	Clarke-Stewart, K. A.、Gruber, C.(1984)。Daycare Forms and Features。Quality Variations in Day Care。New York, NY：Praeger Publishers。
3.	Karnes, M. B.、Shwedel, A. M.、Williams, M. B.(1983)。A comparison of five approaches for educating young children from low-income homes。As the Twig is Bent。Hillsdale, N.J.：Lawrence Erlbaum, Associates。
4.	Kohlberg, L.(1968)。Montessori with the culturally disadvantaged: A cognitive-developmental interpretation and some research findings。Early education。Chicago：Aldine。
5.	McCartney, K.、Scan, S.、Phillips, D.、Grajek, S.、Schwartz, J. C.(1982)。Environmental differences among day care centers and their effects on children's development。Daycare: Scientific and social policy issues。Boston：Auburn House。

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