Industrial and Commercial Census is one of the basic investigations of a nation’s potentiality, which offers government and business firms some basic informations required while doing important decisive analyses. On the other hand, one needs some correct and detailed information in order to make some important decisions. Then, Industrial and Commercial Census is just one of the systematic informations required. But up to now, it seems no other person tries to criticize and analyze the reliability and validity of sampling data in Industrial and Commercial Census. The paper I the new trial of the author in this direction. Finally, the author offered three suggestions which can be used to improve the reliability and validity of Industrial and Commercial Census in the future.