Mapping the Intellectual Strcture of a Scientific Speciality: A Co-Citational Analysis_

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題名：	Mapping the Intellectual Strcture of a Scientific Speciality: A Co-Citational Analysis
書刊名：	中國行政評論
作者：	丘昌泰
出版日期：	1992
卷期：	1:2
頁次：	頁63-100
主題關鍵詞：	互註；分析法；知識；科學領域；結構；模型
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:0 共同引用:0 點閱:17

本研究主要是運用互註分析法來探討空氣污染流行病學領域之知識結構模型。作者蒐靠一一九項空氣污染對身體健康影響之研究個案，研討科學典範發展上重要的幾項問題：一、從孔恩的典範觀念來看，自一九六O年到一九九○空氣污染流行病學研究之專業領域中那些是主流研究？那些是非主流研究？二、在此專門I領域中如何建構智識發展圓形？如何確認思想學派？在此圖形中如何發展同心圓的互動模式？三、這些思想學派的特性為何？上述三項工作的完成有助於我們了解科學專門領域的典範發展，以及思想學派之間的互動。

以文找文

This researcher, collecting 119 valid cases from studies of the effects of air pollution on human health, employs c0-citation analysis to (1) identify mainstream versus minor contributors in the air pollution epidemiology from 1960 to 1990, (2) to sketch an "intel1ectual map" of the specialicty and a concentric diagram of these groups, and (3) to describe the characteristics of mainstream versus nonmainstream research. The completion of these tasks help us to understand the paradigmatic development, schools of thought, and the concentric network among speciality .

以文找文

期刊論文
1.	Allison, Paul D.、Long, J. Scott、Krauze, Tad K.(1982)。Cumulative advantage and inequality in science。American Sociological Review，47(5)，615-625。
2.	Bellardo, Trudi(1980)。The Use of Co-Citations to Study Science。Library Research，2(3)，231-237。
3.	Sharabchiev, J. T.(1989)。Cluster analysis of bibliographic references as a scientometric method。Scientometrics，15(1/2)，127-137。
4.	Merton, Robert K.(1968)。The Mathew Effect in Science。Science，159，56-63。
5.	White, Howard D.、Griffith, Belver C.(1981)。Author co-citation: A literature measure of intellectual structure。Journal of the American Society for Information Science，32(3)，163-171。
6.	Small, H. G.(1976)。Structural dynamics of scientific literature。International Classification，3(2)，67-74。
7.	Brant, J. W.(1965)。Human Cardiovascular Diseases and Atmospheric Air Pollution in Los Angeles, California。Air and Water Pollution，9，219-231。
8.	Dobbins, J. G.(1989)。Air Pollution and Lung Cancer Mortality in Harris County, Texas, 1979-1981。American Journal of Epidemiology，130(5)，1065-1066。
9.	Greenburg, L.(1965)。Air Pollution and Asthma。Journal of Asthma Research，2，195-198。
10.	Greenburg, L.、Field, F.、Reed, J. I.、Glasser, M.(1967)。Air Pollution and Cancer Mortality Study on Staten Island, New York。Archives of Environmental Health，15，356-361。
11.	Hagstrom, R. M.、Sprague, H. A.、Landau, E.(1967)。The Nashville Air Pollution Study, Part II: Mortality from Cancer in Relation to Air Pollution。Archives of Environmental Health，15。
12.	Hatzakis, A.(1986)。Short-Term Effects of Air Pollution on Mortality in Athens。International Journal of Epidemiology，15(1)，73-81。
13.	Heimann, H.(1970)。Episodic Air Pollution in Metropolitan Boston: A Trial Epidemiological Study。Archives of Environmental Health，20(2)，230-251。
14.	Henderson, B. E.、Gordon, R. J.、Menck, H.、Soohoo, J.、Martin, S. P.、Pike, M. C.(1975)。Lung Cancer and Air pollution in Southcentral Los Angeles County。American Journal of Epidemiology，101(6)，42-56。
15.	Jacobs, C. F.(1972)。Cardiovascular Deaths and Air Pollution in Charleston, S. C.。Health Service Reports，87，623-632。
16.	Marmor, M.(1978)。Air Pollution and Cancer in Houston, Texas: A Causal Relationship。Journal of the American Medical Womens' Association，33(6)，275-277。
17.	Mazumdar, S.(1982)。Relation of Daily Mortality to Air Pollution: An Analysis of 14 London Winters。Archives of Environmental Health，37(4)，213-220。
18.	Mazumdar, S.(1983)。Relationship of Air Pollution to Health Results from the Pittsburgh Study。Archives of Environmental Health，38(1)，17-24。
19.	Mills, C. A.(1960)。Motor Exhaust Gases and Lung Cancer in Cincinnati。American Journal of Medical Sciences，239。
20.	Seskin, E. P.(1979)。An Analysis of Some Short-Term Health Effects of Air Pollution in the Washington, D. C., Metropolitan Area。Journal of Urban Economics，6，275-291。
21.	Vena, J. E.(1983)。Lung Cancer Incidence and Air Pollution in Erie County, New York。Archives of Environmental Health，38，229-236。
22.	Winkelstein, W. Jr.(1967)。The Relationship of Air Pollution and Economic Status to Total Mortality and Selected Respiratory System Mortality in Men, pt. I: Suspended Particulates。Archives of Environmental Health，14，162-171。
23.	Winkelstein, W. Jr.(1969)。Respiratory Symptoms and Air Pollution in an Urban Population of Northeastern United States。Archives of Environmental Health，18，760-767。
24.	Winkelstein, W. Jr.(1969)。Prostatic Cancer: Relationship to Suspended Particulate Air pollution。American Journal of Public Health，59(7)，1134-1138。
25.	Winkelstein, W. Jr.(1971)。Suspended Particulate Air Pollution。Archives of Environmental Health，22，174-177。
26.	Bach, W.(1972)。Air Pollution and Health at Ala Moana shopping Center in Honolulu。Hawaii Medicine Journal，31，104-113。
27.	Brant, W.(1964)。Human Respiratory Diseases and Atmospheric Air Pollution in Los Angeles, California。Air and Water Pollution，8，259-277。
28.	Buffler, P. A.(1988)。Air Pollution and Lung Cancer in Haris County, Texas, 1979-1981。American Journal of Epidemiological Occupation，128(4)，683-699。
29.	Camow, B. W.(1973)。Air Pollution and Pulmonary Cancer。Archives of Environmental Health，27，207-218。
30.	Crane, Diana(1969)。Social Structure in a Group of Scientists: A Test for the Invisible College。American sociological Review，3，335-353。
31.	Downing, Paul B.、Stafford, E. A.(1981)。Citations as an Indicators of Classic Works and Major contributors in Social Choice。Public Choice，37(2)，219-230。
32.	Gottinger, H. W.(1983)。Air Pollution Health Effects in the Munich Metropolitan Area: Preliminary Results Based on aa Statistical Model。Environmental International，9，207-220。
33.	Greenberg, L.(1965)。Air Pollution Incidents and Morbidity Studies: New York City。Archives of Environmental Health，10，351-356。
34.	Greenberg, L.、Filed, F.、Erhardt, C. L.、Glasser, M.、Reed, J. I.(1967)。Air Pollution, Iiifluenza, and Mortality in New York City。Archives of Environmental Health，16，93-97。
35.	Griffith, B. C.、Small, H. G.、Stonehill, J. A.、Dey, S.(1974)。The structure of scientific literatures II: Toward a macro- and microstructure for science。Science Studies，4(4)，339-364。
36.	Gross, G. R.(1970)。The Organization Set: A study of Sociology Departments。American Sociologist，15，25-29。
37.	Hagstrom, R. M.、Sprague, H. A.、Landau, E.(1967)。The Nashville Air Pollution Study. VII. Mortality from cancer in relation to air pollution。Archives of Environmental Health，15(2)，237-248。
38.	Landes, W. M.、Posner, R. A.(1976)。Legal Precedent: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis。Journal of Law Economics，19(2)。
39.	Lave, L. B.(1973)。An analysis of the Association Between U. S. Mortality and Air Pollution。Journal of the American Statistical Association，68，284-290。
40.	Lave, L. B.(1972)。Air Pollution, Climate, and Home Heating: Their Effects on U.S. Mortality Rates。American Journal of Public Health，62，909-916。
41.	Martin, A. E.(1960)。Mortality, Fog and Atmospheric Pollution。Monthly Bulletin Ministry of Healt，19，56-72。
42.	Martin, A. E.(1964)。Mortality and Morbidity Statistics and Air Pollution。Proceedings of the royal society of Medicine，57，969-975。
43.	Small, Hendry G.(1977)。A Co-Citation Model of a Scientific Speciality: A Longitudinal Study of Collagen Research。Social Studies of Science，7，139-166。
44.	Small, Hendry G.(1973)。Co-Citation in the Scientific Literature: A Measure of the Relationship Between Two Documents。Journal of the American Society for Information Science，24，265-269。
45.	Small, Hendry G.、Greenlee, E.(1980)。Citation Context Analysis of Co-citation Cluster: Recombinant DNA。Scientometrics，2(4)，277-301。
46.	Small, Hendry G.、Griffith, B. C.(1974)。The Structure of Scientific Literatures I: Identifying and Graphing Specialities。Science Studies，4，17-20。
47.	Sullivan, Daniel、White, D. Hywel、Barboni, Edward J.(1977)。Co-Citation Analyses of Science: An Evaluation。Social Studies of Science，7(2)，223-240。
48.	Stocks, P.(1960)。On the Relations between Atmospheric Pollution in Urban and Rural Localities and Mortality from Cancer, Bronchitis and Pneumonia, with Particular Reference to 3:4 Benzopyrene, Beryllium, Molybdenum, Vanadium and Arsenic。British Journal of Cancer，14，397-418。
49.	Winkelstein, W. Jr.(1967)。The Relationship of Air Pollution and Economic Status to Total Mortality and Selected Respiratory System Mortality in Men, Pt. II。Archives of Environmental Health，16，401-405。
50.	Winkelstein, W. Jr.(1969)。Stomach Cancer: Positive Association With Suspended Particulate Air Pollution。Archives of Environmental Health，18(4)，544-547。
51.	Willis, Cecil L. Stephen J. Mcnamee(1990)。Social Networks of Science and Patterns of Publication in Leading Sociology of Journals, 1960 to 1985。Knowledge，11(4)，363-381。
52.	McCain, Katherine W.(1990)。Mapping authors in intellectual space: A technical overview。Journal of the American Society for Information Science，41(6)，433-443。

研究報告
1.	Greenburg, L.、Field, F.、Reed, J. I.、Erhardt, C. L.(1962)。Report of an Air Pollution Incident in New York City, November, 1953-Conference Report。
2.	Greenburg, L.、Erhardt, C. L.、Field, F.、Reed, J. I.、Seriff, N. S.(1963)。Intermittent Air Pollution Episode in New York City, 1962。

圖書
1.	Hagstrom, Warren O.(1965)。The Scientific Community。New York：Basic Books。
2.	Cole, Jonathan R.、Cole, Stephen(1973)。Social Stratification in Science。Chicago, IL：University of Chicago Press。
3.	Crane, Diana(1972)。Invisible College; Diffusion of Knowladge in Scientific Communities。Chicago：University of Chicago Press。
4.	Garfield, E.、Sher, I. H.、Torpie, R. J.(1964)。The use of citation data in writing the history of science。Philadelphia：The Institute for Scientific Information。
5.	Mullins, Nicholas C.(1973)。Theories and Theory Groups in Contemporary American Sociology。New York：Harper and Row。
6.	de Solla Price, Derek(1986)。Little Science, Big Science...And Beyond。New York：Columbia University Press。
7.	Blisset, M.(1972)。Politics in Science。Boston：Little, Brown。
8.	Gaston, Jerry(1978)。The Reward system in British and American Science。New York：Wiley。
9.	Kruskal, J. B.、Wish, Myron(1978)。Multidimensional Scaling。Sage Publications。
10.	Lave, L. B.、Seskin, E. P.(1977)。Air Pollution and Human Health。Baltimore, MA：The John Hopkins University Press。
11.	Libbey, M.、Zaltman, G.(1967)。The role and Distribution of Written Informal Communication in Theoretical High Energy Physics。New York：American Institute of Physics。
12.	Matlack, William F.(1980)。Statistics for Public Policy。North Scituate, MA：North Duxbury Press。
13.	MenzeL, H.(1960)。Review of Studies in the flow of Information Among Scientists。New York：Columbia University, Bureau of applied Social Research。
14.	Paisley, W. J.(1965)。The flow of Science Information: A Review of the Research Literature。Palo Alto：Institute for Communication Research, Stanford University。
15.	Young, F. W.(1987)。Multidimensional Scaling: History, Theory, and Applications。Hillsdale, NJ：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers。
16.	Suckerman, Harriet(1977)。Scientific Elite。New York：Free Press。
17.	Kuhn, Thomas Samuel(1970)。The Structure of Scientific Revolutions。University of Chicago Press。

圖書論文
1.	Franklin, J. J.、Johnston, R.(1988)。Co-Citation bibliometric Models as a Tool for S & T Policy and R & D Management: Issues, Applications, and Developments。Handbook of quantitative Studies of Science and Technology。New York：Elsevier Science Publishers。
2.	Garfield, E.(1980)。Literature on Sea Bibliography。Sea Biology。
3.	Merton, R. K.(1968)。The Mathew Effect in Science。The Sociology of Science: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations。Chicago：University of Chicago Press。

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