Madam Ch'ang (Ch'ang Ju-jen) was the daughter of the celebrated Ming 1368-1644)loyalist, Ch'ang Huang-yen (1620-1664), and the grandmother-in-law of he well-know Ch'ing (1644-1911) historian, Ch'uan Tsu-wang (1705-1755). Experiencing a hard life during the anti-Ch'ing movement, Chang, a victim of the Ming-Ch'ing transition, was one of the witnesses of the Southern Ming (1644-1662) history. In memory of her father and his colleagues, who sacrificed their lives for resisting the Ch'ing invasion, she intentionally briefed her grandson-in-law about the words and deeds of these anti-Ch'ing heroes, and gave him detailed accounts of the stories she knew concerning the movement. She encouraged Ch'uan to write biographies for the Ming loyalists and assisted him in distinguishing historical facts from false narratives. For hundreds of years, Ch'uan has been admired for his remar kable and reliable Southern Ming biographies which have important contributions to the understanding of the time. His writings based on a great variety of sources have been widely quoted by the historians of the field. However, as a significant figure influencing Chuan, Chang and her contributions have been unfairly ignored due to the Chinese tradition of discriminating against the female. In consequence, little about Madam Chang's life, and not even her name, have been recorded. This study attempts to synthesize the existing sources, mainly from the collected works of Ch'uan Tsu- wang and Chang Huant-yen to construct a brief birgraphy of the lady.