本研究的主要目的在調查三歲至十歲十一個月普通兒童之普通推理能力發展情形，以做為評量身心障礙兒童普通推理能力之指標。以臺灣區 (含臺灣省、臺北市、高雄市) 公私立幼稚園、托兒所內839名學前兒童，及公私立國民小學500名學齡兒童為研究對象，使用「受試者基本資料調查表」、「哥倫比亞心理成熱量表，CMMS」為研究工具。本研究主要結果如下： 1.兒童的各項普通推理能力三至七歲隨著年齡的增長有逐漸增加的趨向。而八至十歲兒童各項普通推理能力並沒有顯著差異。 2.不同性別兒童各項普通推理能力沒有顯著差異。 3.有無兄弟姐妹之兒童在各項普通推理能力上沒有顯著差異。 4.不同社經地位兒童其各項普通推理能力有顯著差異。社經地位較高者在數量、機能或功用、整體與部分、其他等方面之變項得分較高。 5.整體而言，三至五歲普通、聽障、語障、智障四組兒童在普通推理能力上的平均得分，以普通兒童組為最高，語障組次之，聽障組再次之，智障組最低，CMMS可用來鑑別、評量普通兒童與身心障礙兒童的推理能力相當有效。

　　　　　The purpose of this study was to examine 1,339 children from 3 to 10 years old in the general reasoning abilities which were measured by the "Columbia Mental Maturity Scale" (CMMS) in Taiwan area. The major results of this study were as follows: 1.The mean scores of reasoning abilities of children from 3 to 7 were increased as their age growing; There was no significant difference between children from 8 to 10 in the scores of reasoning abilities. 2.There was no significant difference in the scores of reasoning abilities between boys and girls. 3.There was no significant difference in the scores of reasoning abilities whether they had siblings or not. 4.There was significant difference in the scores of reasoning abilities of family's social economic status. 5.In comparison the mean scores of reasoning abilities between the normal children and the handicapped, the normal children group gained the highest, language disordered group was the second, hearing impaired group was the third, and the mentally retarded group gained the last. In sum, CMMS approved to be adequate in screening and assessing reasoning abilities both for the normal children and the exceptional ones.