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題名:Price Uncertainty, Moral Hazard, and Adverse Selection in Agricultural Insurance
書刊名:農業經濟半年刊
作者:吳慧瑛 引用關係
出版日期:1994
卷期:56
頁次:頁127-143
主題關鍵詞:農業保險價格不確定性道德危機逆選擇
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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本文主旨在探討農業保險本質與其他保險之差異,以及農業保險中價格不確定性與道德危機(Moral Hazard)及逆選擇(Adverse Selection)之關係。文中並以美國現行聯邦穀物保險政策(MPCI)為例加以解說。 一般而言,農業保險與其他保險(例如:健康保險或汽車保險)間最大的區別在於除了量的不確定性外尚有價格的不確定性;即定保險契約時,無法得知損害發生時農作物的產量及市價。當農作物保險價格高於其淨預期價格時,可能使農業保險中道德危機之問題更嚴重,從而使得農業保險解體。然而另一方面當農作物的保險價格低於或等於淨的預期價格時,也可能減輕此一問題,而使農業保險更成功地達成保險任務。 此外,欲減輕農業保險中道德危機與逆選擇兩問題,本文指出共同保險率(coinsurance rate)必須小於1,即政府與農民共同分擔所發生的部份損失。而此一共同保險率之訂定,必須依農民的相對風險(relative risk)而定。此外,農作物保險價格最好不要高過淨的預期價格,以減輕道德危機的影響;而與農產投入和產出的相關資訊更要詳加蒐集以提供較準確的估計。
期刊論文
1.Borch, K.(1962)。Equilibrium in A Reinsurance Market。Econometrica,30(3),424-444。  new window
2.Pauly, Mark V.(1968)。The Economics of Moral Hazard: Comment。American Economic Review,58(3),531-537。  new window
3.Shavell, S.(1979)。On Moral Hazard and Insurance。Quarterly Journal of Economics,93(4),541-562。  new window
4.Shavell, Steven(1979)。Risk Sharing and Incentives in the Principal and Agent Relationship。The Bell Journal of Economics,10(1),55-73。  new window
5.Pauly, Mark V.(1974)。Overinsurance and Public Provision of Insurance: The Roles of Moral Hazard and Adverse Selection。The Quarterly Journal of Economics,88(1),44-62。  new window
6.Zeckhauser, Richard(1970)。Medical Insurance: A Case Study of the Tradeoff between Risk Spreading and Appropriate Incentives。Journal of Economic Theory,2(1),10-26。  new window
7.Rothschild, M.、Stiglitz, J.(1976)。Equilibrium in Competitive Insurance Markets: An Essay on the Economics of Imperfect Information。The Quarterly Journal of Economics,90(4),629-650。  new window
8.Spence, Michael A.、Zeckhauser, Richard J.(1971)。Insurance, Information, and Individual Action。The American Economic Review,61(2),380-387。  new window
9.Harris, M.、Raviv, A.(1979)。Optimal Incentive contracts with imperfect information。Journal of Economic Theory,20(2),231-259。  new window
10.Chambers, R. G.(1989)。Insurability and Moral Hazard in Agricultural Insurance Markets。American Agricultural Economics Association,71(3),604-616。  new window
11.Ahsan, S. M.、Ali, A. A. G.、Kurian, N. J.(1982)。Toward a Theory of Agricultural Insurance。American Journal of Agricultural Economics,64(3),520-529。  new window
12.Arrow, K. J.(1968)。The Economics of Moral Hazard: Further Comment。American Economic Review,58(3),537-539。  new window
13.Borch, K.(1960)。The Safety Loading of Reinsurance Premiums。Scandinavian Actuarial Journal,1960(3/4),163-184。  new window
14.Huberman, G.、Mayers, D.、Smith, C. W.(1983)。Optimal Insurance Policy Indemnity Schedules。The Bell Journal of Economics,14(2),415-426。  new window
15.Marshall, J. M.(1974)。Insurance Theory: Reserves versus Mutuality。Economic Inquiry,12(4),476-492。  new window
16.Nelson, C. H.、Leohman, E. T.(1987)。Further Toward a Theory of Agricultural Insurance。American Journal of Agricultural Economics,69(3),523-531。  new window
17.Raviv, A.(1979)。The Design of an Optimal Insurance Policy。American Economic Review,69(1),84-96。  new window
18.Skees, J. R.、Reed, M. R.(1986)。Rate Making for Farm-Level Crop Insurance: Implications for Adverse Selection。American Journal of Agricultural Economics,68(3),653-659。  new window
19.Pratt, John W.(1964)。Risk Aversion in the Small and in the Large。Econometrica,32(1/2),122-136。  new window
20.Grossman, Sanford J.、Hart, Oliver D.(1983)。An Analysis of the Principal-Agent Problem。Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society,51(1),7-45。  new window
21.Alchian, Armen A.、Demsetz, Harold(1972)。Production Information Costs, and Economic Organization。American Economic Review,62(5),777-795。  new window
22.Hölmstrom, Bengt(1979)。Moral Hazard and Observability。The Bell Journal of Economics,10(1),74-91。  new window
23.Ross, Stephen A.(1973)。The Economic Theory of Agency: The Principal's Problem。The American Economic Review,63(2),134-139。  new window
圖書
1.Arrow, Kenneth J.(1971)。Essays in the theory of risk bearing。Markham Publishing Company。  new window
 
 
 
 
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