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題名:國小學生科學態度潛在類別的分析研究
書刊名:屏東師院學報
作者:莊嘉坤 引用關係
出版日期:1995
卷期:8
頁次:頁111-136
主題關鍵詞:科學態度混合拉氏模型潛在類別Scientific attitudeMixed Rasch ModelMRMLatent classes
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(3) 博士論文(4) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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     學生的科學態度為一潛在的心理變項,具有潛在特質。為了達到客觀的測量結果,科學態度的測量可以應用潛在結構特性的近代測量理論,以獲得更為精確的結果。 本研究的旨趣在於分析學生科學態度的潛在類別。在研究方法學上,本研究仿國內許榮富等人(民75)界定科學態度的成份,包括客觀,開明、慎下斷語及對抗迷信等四個類群,編製十五個試題的科學態度量表。研究樣本包括臺北、屏東地區八所國小五、六年級的學生總計706人。 本研究選擇評比量表模型(RSM)分析學生科學態度特質與試題參數估計,同時檢定科學態度量表試題的合適度,進而以Rost(1988)之混合拉氏模型(NRM)分析學生科學態度之潛在類別。分析結果,本科學態度量表獲得模型合適度考驗,全部受試樣本科學態度可以區分為三個潛在類別,第一類群的學生對科學態度量表的得分最低,佔全部受試樣本12.9%,其次為第二類群,佔37.5%,第三類群得分最高,即第三類群學生的科學態度特質值最高,佔49.6%;在態度量表得分機率方面,三個類群之間以第十四題(慎下斷語)得分機率差異最為明顯;其餘除了第八題(對抗迷信)、第九題(客觀)、第十一題(開明)、第十二題(開明)等四題,第二與第三類群之間差異較小,而與第一類群則亦有明顯差異。
     Students' scientific attitude is a latent psychological variance. When measuring students attitude, modern test theory, having a latent structural character, can be applied in order to achieve objective measurement and obtain precise results. The purpose of this study is to analyze students' latent classes of scientific attitude. The study uses the methodology of Dr. Shu in defining components of scientific attitude such as objectivity, open-mindedness, suspended judgment and aversion to superstition. A fifteen-items attitude scale is employed. The subjects of this study are 706 fifth-an4 sixth-grade students from elementary schools in Pingtung and in the Taipei area. This study employs the Rating Scale Model (RSM) in analyzing student' scientific attitude trait, item parameters, and the suitability of test items. Furthermore, the Mixed Rasch Model (MRM), developed by Rost (1988), is used to analyze students' latent classes of scientific attitude. The scientific attitude scale was found to be suitable, and the samples were divided into three latent classes according to their different scientific attitudes. The first class, having the lowest score made up 12.9% of the entire sample, and second class acounted for 37.5%, while the third class, having the highest scientific attitude trait values, made up 49.6% of the total sample, concerning scoring probability, item 14 had the greatest variability between the three classes, item 8, 9, 11, and 12 had low variabilty between the second and third class, but varied greatly when compare with the firstclass.
期刊論文
1.Thurstone, L. L.(1928)。Attitude can be measured. The American。Journal of Sociology,33,529-554。  new window
2.Aiken, L. R. Jr.、Aiken, D. R.(1969)。Recent research on attitudes concerning science。Science Education,53(4),295-305。  new window
3.Hambleton, R. K.、Cook, L. L.(1977)。Latent trait models and their use in the analysis of educational test data。Journal of Educational Measurement,14(2),75-96。  new window
4.Samejima, F.(1969)。Estimation of latent ability using a response pattern of graded scores。Psychometrika Monograph Supplement,4(2),1-100。  new window
5.Cohen, S.(1980)。Aftereffects of stress on human performance and social behavior: A review of research and theory。Psychological Bulletin,88(1),82-108。  new window
6.Cronbach, Lee J.(1946)。Response Sets and Test Validity。Educational and Psychological Measurement,6,475-494。  new window
7.Masters, G. N.、Hyde, N. H.(1984)。Measuring attitude to school with a latent trait model。Applied Psychological Measurement,8(1),39-48。  new window
8.Rost, J.(1988)。Rating scale analysis with latent class models。Psychometrika,53,327-348。  new window
9.Diderich, P. B.(1967)。Components of the scientific attitude。The Science Teacher,34(2),23-24。  new window
10.Andrich, D.(1978)。Application of a Psychometric Rating Model to Ordered Categories which are Scored with Successive Integers。Applied Psychological Measurement,2(4),581-594。  new window
11.Curtis, F. D.(1926)。A Determination of the Scientific Attitudes。J. Chem. Educ.,3,920-927。  new window
12.Thurstone, L. L.(1925)。A method of scaling psychological and educational tests。Educational Psychology,16,433-451。  new window
13.Horst, P.(1933)。The Difficulty of a Multiple Choice Test Item。Journal of Educational Psychology,24,229-232。  new window
14.Formann, A. K.(1985)。Constrained latent class models:Theory and applications。British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology,38,87-111。  new window
15.Symonds, P. M.(1929)。Choice of items for a test on the basis of difficuty。Journal of Educational Psychology,20,481-493。  new window
16.Gardner, P. L.(1975)。Attitudes to Science : A Review。Studies in Science Education,2(1),1-41。  new window
17.Masters, G. N.(1982)。A Rasch model for partial credit scoring。Psychometrika,47(2),149-174。  new window
會議論文
1.何榮桂(1990)。項目反應理論及其應用。項目反應理論研討會,1-12。  延伸查詢new window
2.許榮富、趙金祁、吳永吉(1986)。國中學生科學態度成就分析。中華民國七十四年度科學教育學術研討會。行政院國學科學委員會。185-219。  延伸查詢new window
3.許榮富、楊文金(1989)。IRT及其對科學過程技能測量影響分析研究。中華民國第四屆科學教育學術研討會。台北市:國立台灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
4.許榮富、莊嘉坤(1991)。近代測驗理論給分模型對科學態度測量之詮釋分析。中華民國第七屆科學教育學術研討會。  延伸查詢new window
5.許榮富、楊文金(1990)。1--參數模型之試題參的估計。中華民國第五屆科學教育學術研討會。  延伸查詢new window
6.許榮富、莊嘉坤(1992)。應用評比量表模型對科學態度量表分析之研究。國立高雄師範大學主辦中華民國第八屆科學教育研討會,189-210。  延伸查詢new window
研究報告
1.陳英豪、葉懋堃、李坤崇、李明淑、邱美華(1990)。國小學生科學態度量表之編製及其相關因素之研究 (計畫編號:NSC-78-0111-S-024-01)。臺南:臺南師範學院。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.林世華(1986)。潛在特質理論與其應用於適性測驗之評估研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Hempel, Carl G.(1965)。Aspects of Scientific Explanation and Other Essays in the Philosophy of Science。  new window
2.Lord, Frederic M.、Novick, Melvin R.、Birnbaum, Allan(1968)。Statistical Theories of Mental Test Scores。Addison-Wesley Publishing Company。  new window
3.Wright, B. D.、Masters, G. N.(1982)。Rating scale analysis: Rasch measurement。Chicago:MESA Press。  new window
4.Thorndike, E. L.(1935)。The psychology of wants, interests, and attitudes。New York:Appleton-Century-Crofts。  new window
5.許擇基、劉長萱(1991)。試題作答理論簡介。  延伸查詢new window
6.Rasch, G.(1960)。Probabilistic models for some Intelligence and attainment tests。University of Chicago Press。  new window
7.Hambleton, Ronald K.、Swaminathan, H.(1985)。Item Response Theory: Principles and Applications。Boston:Kiuwer Nijhoff Publishing。  new window
8.Wright, B. D.、Linacre, J. M.(1992)。A Guide to Bigsteps: Rasch-Model Computer Program。Chicago:MESA Press。  new window
9.Rost, J.、von Davier, M.(1992)。MIRA -- A PC-program for the Mixed Rasch model--User Mannual--(IPN)。Institute for Science Education。  new window
10.Thissen, D.(1988)。MULTILOG--TM Multiple, Catergorical Item Analysis and Test Scoring Using Item Response Theory。Scientific software。  new window
圖書論文
1.林一真(1982)。潛在特質理論簡介--測驗編製的發展新趨勢。我國測驗的發展。中國測驗學會。  延伸查詢new window
2.AIIport, G. W.(1935)。Attitude。The handbook of social psychology。Worchester. MA:Clark University Press.。  new window
3.Carroll, J. B.(1983)。The difficulty of a test and its factor composition revisited。Principals of modern psychological measurement: A Festschrift in honor of Frederic M. Lord。Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence ErIbaum Associates。  new window
4.Clogg, C. C.(1988)。Latent class models of measuring。Latent trait and latent class models。New York:Plenem。  new window
5.Goldman, S. R.、Pellegrino, J. W.(1984)。Deduction about induction: Analyses of developmental and individual deffences。Advances in the psychology of human intelligence。Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。  new window
6.Pellegrino, J. W.、Kail, R. Jr.(1982)。Process analyses of spatail aptitude。Advances in the psychology of human intelligence。Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。  new window
7.Rips, L. J.(1984)。Resoning as a centrol intellective activity。Advances in the psychology of human intelligence。Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。  new window
 
 
 
 
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