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題名:國音中子音各母音最適當的頻率帶
書刊名:特殊教育與復健學報
作者:李昭幸
出版日期:1995
卷期:4
頁次:頁267-298
主題關鍵詞:國音中子音母音頻率帶
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(1) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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     本研究測試六十個聽力正常而且聽覺敏感度較好的受試者透過外語用聽輔儀聽取過濾的語言,並且找出在何種特定頻率帶過濾的語言聽起來與正常語言相近,從研究結果可看出每個語音都集中一個或二個最適當頻率帶,國音中鼻音子音比相似英語子音低,其他子音則無明顯的特性。國音中子音和母音在180-4000Hz的頻率範圍即可做最佳的語音接收和辨識。母音中單韻符頻率範圍分布無較明顯的集中趨勢,複韻符的最適當頻率在中心頻率710, 1000, 1400, 2000Hz便能清楚的接收,結合韻符則有更明顯的趨勢,集中於中心頻率1400Hz,也就是1000-2000Hz的頻率範圍。研究所得的結果,將國音依最適當頻率帶由高而低可把母音和子音分成低、中低、中、中高、高五組組成國音的音調模式。 子音 /ㄐ/、/ㄑ/、/ㄓ/、/ㄔ/ 和Peterson的研究相一致,送氣子音比不送氣子音的音調高,其他子音則無此現象,子音中有鼻音比捲舌音低的特性。子音也有擦音 /ㄒ/、/ㄕ/、/?/ 音調排序最高,鼻音 /ㄋ/、/ㄌ/ 音調排列最低的特性。 國音中母音所得最適當頻率帶的結果與英語相近之母音互相比較結果顯示單韻母、複韻母並沒有比英文高或低的特性。比較國音中五個主要母音的音調排列順序結果, /ㄨ/、/ㄚ/、/一/ 可明顯排出由低而高之音調順序。 研究結果顯示國音中基本頻率並不是判斷音調的重要因素,與Harbold(1958)和Guberina所提的觀點一致。國音中 /一/、/ㄨ/、/ㄩ/、/ㄚ/、/ㄛ/、/ㄜ/、/ㄝ/、/ㄦ/ 八個母音的接收在第一、第二、第三共振頻率即可涵蓋接收母音的足夠訊息,此結果也與Miner和Danhauer(1976)所得結果相一致。
     The purpose of the study was to investigate the optimal octaves for Mandarin phonemes. Sixty college students were randomly selected from those who passed on hearing sensitivity. The subjects listened to filtered phonemes while they adjusted center frequencies of the filtered bands on the SUVAG LINGUA (System Universal Verbo-Tonal Audition). The optimal octave was defined as the band which produced the most similar sound like the unfiltered phoneme. The main findings were summarized as follows: The optimal octave for each phoneme was centered on one or two frequencies. The optimal octave for nasals was lower than the similar one in English. The speech perception and identification for phonemes were focused on the optimal octaves through 180 to 4000 Hz. The optimal octaves for vowels were distributed at a wide range. Diphthongs can be perceived clearly in the ceter frequencies of 710, 1000, 1400, and 2000 Hz. The compound vowels tended to centralize in the center frequency of 1400 Hz. The tonality for voiced phonemes /t/、/t'/、/ts'/ were higher than their voiceless counterparts, but other consonants did not show the same characteristics. Affricates and nasals had the highest and the lowest tonality, respectively. Foundamental frequency was not the crucial factor for tonality judgement. The optimal octaves for vowels could be perceived through the frequency ranges of F1, F2 and F3.
期刊論文
1.Asp, C. W.(1985)。The Verbo-Tonal method for management of young, hearing impaired children。Ear and Hearing,6(1)。  new window
2.Asp, C. W.、Berry, J. S.、Bessel, C. S.(1978)。The relative pitch of 30 English monosyllabic words: The rank order in comparison with a proposed model。The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,64,S20-S21。  new window
3.Miner, R.、Danhauer, J. L.(1976)。Relation between formant frequencies and optimal octaves in vowel perception。Journal of the American Audiology Society。  new window
4.Perterson, M. M.、Asp, C. W.(1972)。The perceived pitch of 23 prevocalic constants。The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,52,146。  new window
會議論文
1.Asp, C. W.(1973)。The Verbo-Tonal method as an alternative to present auditory training techniques: An appraisal of speech Pathology and audiology。  new window
2.陳小娟、林淑玟(1991)。中華民國第一屆語調聽覺法研討會專輯。中華民國第一屆語調聽覺法研討會。國立台南師範學院特殊教育學系。  延伸查詢new window
3.Asp, C. W.、Berry, J.(1975)。The clinical procedures for selecting the frequency response and level of amplification for hearing impaired adults: A progress report。The 89th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America。  new window
4.Mckenney, E. E.、Asp, C. W.(1971)。Five English vowels under eleven bandpass filtering conditions as a test of "OPTIMAL OCTAVES" of perception。The 82th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America。  new window
5.Koike, K. J. M.、Hobbs, H.、Asp, C. W.(1983)。Frequency selective speech discrimination test: Tennessee tonality Test (TTT)。1983 ASHA Convention-Cincinnati。  new window
圖書
1.謝國平(1992)。語言學概論。臺北:三民。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.Minifie, F. D.、Hixon, T. J.、Willans, F.(1973)。Speech acoustic in normal aspects of speech, hearing, and language。Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey:Prentice-Hall。  new window
3.國立編譯館師範專科學校國語科教科書編審委員會(1989)。國語。正中書局。  延伸查詢new window
4.Asp, C. W.(1991)。Verbotonaf Handbook。Department of Audiology & Speech Pathology University of Tennessee。  new window
5.Guberina, P.、Asp, C. W.(1981)。The Verbo-Tonal method for rehabilitating people with communication problems。New York:World Rehabilitation Fund。  new window
單篇論文
1.黃琬玲(1993)。基頻與共振頻率在成年女子國音單韻母第一聲中的變化,國立台南師範學院特殊教育學系。  延伸查詢new window
2.Asp, C. W.(1981)。The Verbo-Tonal methods: A brief overview。  new window
3.Wood, W. S.,Asp, C. W.(1979)。Relationships between acoustic parameters and the pitch of six monosyllabic word。  new window
圖書論文
1.Asp, C. W.(1991)。The Verbo-Tonal method for establishing spoken language and listening skills。VerboTonal Handbook。Department of Audiology & Speech Pathology。  new window
 
 
 
 
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