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來源文獻資料
外文摘要
引文資料
題名:
環境問題及永續發展的全球尺度研究
書刊名:
國立臺灣師範大學地理研究報告
作者:
黃朝恩
出版日期:
1995
卷期:
24
頁次:
頁119-170
主題關鍵詞:
環境危機
;
全球環境變遷
;
生態失衡
;
自然資源保育
;
污染防治
;
南北差異
;
永續發展
;
環境資源核算
;
生命周期分析
原始連結:
連回原系統網址
相關次數:
被引用次數:期刊(
3
) 博士論文(
3
) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
排除自我引用:
2
共同引用:0
點閱:47
Man is both creature and moulder of his environment, which gives him physical sustenance and affords him the opportunity for all kinds of growth and development. Under such circumstances, through the rapid acceleration of science and technology, man has acquired the power to transform the environment on this planet in countless ways and on an unprecedented scale. We now realize that unless development is guided by environmental, social, cultural and political considerations, much of it will continue to have undesired effects, to provide reduced benefits or even fail together. Such unsustainable development will only exacerbate the environmental problems that already exist. We all must come to terms with the reality of resource limitations and the carrying capacities of ecosystems. Human beings must pursue plans that would not lead to conflicts over such limited resources and that would lead to sustainable development that meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generation to satisfy theirs. This study analyses the changes that occurred in the global environment for the past decades as well as their current situation and their spatial variation in a geographical viewpoint. It focuses not only on the state of the environment, but also on the interactions between development activities and environment. Both ultimately affect the human condition and human well-being. The paper is in four parts. Firstly, the state of the environment in a time context is discussed in order to understand the pattern and magnitude of different types of global change. Next, the relationships between human activities and their environmental impacts are examined according to various components of the Earth's environment, namely land, water, air, biotic realm, and mineral/energy supply. Representative criteria are selected to be investigated and emphasis is given to the discrepancy between countries in the world. From these analysis, we can discovered that there are good news as well as bad news, but still, it is certain that human activities continue to pose hazard as an inevitable trend. After that, the paper pinpoints at contrases of the North and the South. Despite both sides have developed certain completely different expression of their own environmental problems, all the problems are found to be linked to the development path charted by human being especially those in the first industrial nations in their search for greater material wealth. Finally, challenges and priorties for action are recommended. In short, the future prospect depends on the implementation of sustainable development. However, its goal cannot be attained without significant changes in the ways development initiatives have been planed and implemented. These changes will not come about unless there are similarly changes in peoples' perceptions of environmental issues and attitudes towards them. On the other hand, environmentally sound development plans will not succeed without public participation and a sense of individual responsibility. Futhermore, environmental problems are not restricted to national boundaries, most of them are of regional and global significance. Thus international cooperation is essential and the challenges ahead are formidable.
以文找文
期刊論文
1.
Brown, B. J.、Hanson, M. E.、Liverman, D. M.、Merideth, R. W. J.(1987)。Global sustainability: Toward definition。Environmental Management,11(6),713-719。
2.
Barbier, Edward B.(1987)。The Concept of Sustainable Economic Development。Environmental Conservation,14(2),101-110。
3.
MacNeill, J.(1989)。Strategies for Sustainable Economic Development。Scientific American,26,105。
圖書
1.
Clark, W. C.、Munn, R. E.(1986)。Sustainable development of the biosphere。Cambridge:Cambridge University Press。
2.
World Commission on Environment and Development(1987)。Our Common Future。Oxford University Press。
3.
World Bank(1992)。World Development Report。New York:Oxford University Press。
4.
Chiras, D. D.(1994)。Environmental Science: Actions for a Sustainable Future。Redwood City:The Benjamin/ Cummings Publ. Co., Inc.。
5.
Abrahamson, D. E.(1989)。The Challenge of Global Warming。Washington, DC:Island Press。
6.
Brown, L. R.(1995)。State of the World, l995。New York:W.W. Norton & Co. Inc.。
7.
Crow, B.、Thomas, A.(1990)。The Third world Atlas。Milton Keynes:Open Univ. Press。
8.
Ehrich, P.、Ehrlich, A.(1982)。Extinction: the Causes and Consequence of the Disappearance of Species。London:Victor Gollanz。
9.
FAO(1991)。Environmental and Sustainability in Fisheries。Rome:FAO。
10.
FAO(1991)。Sustainable Development and Management of Land and Water Resources。Rome:FAO。
11.
FAO(1991)。Protection of Land Resources: Deforestation。Rome:FAO。
12.
French, H. F.(1990)。Changing the Air: A Global Agenda。Washington DC:Worldwatch Institute。
13.
GEM、WHO(1989)。Global Freshwater Quality: A First Assessment。Oxford:Blackwell。
14.
Goldenberg, J.(1987)。Energy for a Sustainable World。Washington, D.C.:World Resource Institute。
15.
Gupta, A.(1988)。Ecology and Development in the Third World。New York:Routledge。
16.
Kaufman, D. G.、Franz, C. M.(1993)。Biosphere 2000: Protecting our Blobal Environmental。New York:Harper Collins Publ。
17.
Kumar, R.、Manning, E. W.、Murck, B.(1993)。The Challenge of Sustainable。Toronto:Foundation for International Training。
18.
IPCC(1990)。Climate Change。New York:Cambridge University Press。
19.
Johnston, D. L.、Lewis, L. A.(1995)。Land Degradation。Cambridge:Blackwell。
20.
Seymour, J.、Girardet, H.。Blueprint for a Green Planet。New York:Prentice Hall。
21.
Myers, N.(1984)。Gaia: An Atlas of Planet Management。New York:Anchor Books。
22.
OECD(1994)。The State of the Environment--1991。Paris:OECD。
23.
Repetto, R.(1989)。Wasting Assets Natural Resources in the National Income Accounts。Washington, DC:World Resources Institute。
24.
Seager, J.(1994)。The State of the Earth Atlas。New York:Simon & Schuster。
25.
Tolba, K. T.(1992)。The World Environment, 1972-1992。London:Chapman & Hall。
26.
Tolba, K. T.(1992)。Saving our Planet: Challenges and Hopes。London:Chapman & Hall。
27.
Turner, B. L.(1993)。The Earth as Transformed by Human Action。New York:Cambridge Univ. Press。
28.
UNEP(1993)。Environmental Data Report, 1993-94。Oxford:Blackwell Publ.。
29.
UNFPA(1991)。Population and the Environment。New York:UN Population Fund。
30.
WCED(1987)。Energy 2000: A Global Strategy for Sustainable Development。New York:Center for Our Common future。
31.
White, R. R.(1993)。North, South, and the Environmental Crisis。Toronto:Univ. of Toronto Press。
32.
Wilson, E. O.、Peter, Frances M.(1988)。Biodiversity。Washington, DC:National Academy Press。
33.
World Commission on Environment and Development(1987)。Energy 2000: A Global Strategy for Sustainable Development。London:Center for Our Common Future。
34.
World Resource Institute(1994)。World Resources, 1994-95。New York:Oxford University Press。
35.
World Resource Institute(1994)。The 1994 Environmental Almanac。Boston:Houghton Mifflin Co。
36.
Young, J.(1990)。Sustaining the Earth。Cambridge:Harvard University Press。
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