There have been dramatic changes in disease patterns. medical care systems and medical education since the 1980s. These changes have been recognized worldwide and many adjustments and reforms have been undertaken.This article was originaly a speech given by invitation to the President of the Republic of China on February 17, 1997. It initially addressed the mission of medicine,the duty of physicians, and changing medical care patterns with the growing percentage of the chronic diseases. The rapid modernization of the past decades has created greater tension in daily life, more competition among people, and increasing number of modern diseases such as hypertension, ischemic heart disease, cerebral vascular disease, diabetes, obesity and psychosomatic disorders. The strategy to deal with this social and cultrual impact on human health has become an important issue in today's medicine. There are also new medicl problems such as caring for the AIDS patients; the rapid advancement of medical technologyk such as new diagnostic procedures, new drugs and treatment methods, organ transplantation, genetherapy, and the application of molecular biology; and the high cost of medical care and changes in medical insurance policies. In dealing with these problems, the delivery of medical care using a bio-psycho-social model should be reemphasized. The goal of treatment is no longer just to be disease free but also emphasizes physical, psychological and social well-being. It is therefore very important to educate physicians of the new generation to be able to meet the challenges ahead. There are new concepts in medical education and new conclusions from many reform programs. The National Taiwan University College of Medicine has conducted medical education reform since 1992. The reform includes a new curriculum design using integrated courses, small group tutorials and new courses in medical humanities, medical ethics, society and the doctor-patient relationship, logical thinking, problem solving skills, bed side procedures, and active and life-long learning attidudes. The preliminary evaluation proves its feasibility, success and pouplarity. In conclusion, changes in society and medicine will continue to be enormous. The increasing importance of disease prevention and health promotion reminds us not to limit the goals of pmedical care to just treating diseases. Above all, physicians using these new concepts will play a major role in deciding medical care quality and its outcome in the future.