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來源文獻資料
摘要
外文摘要
引文資料
題名:
Syllabic or Subsyllabic: The Nature of Representation in Chinese-Speaking Children
書刊名:
華岡英語學報
作者:
胡潔芳
/
高正
/
張志文
作者(外文):
Hu, Chieh-fang
/
Kao, Cheng
/
Zhang, Zhi-wen
出版日期:
1997
卷期:
3
頁次:
頁3-19
主題關鍵詞:
中文
;
孩童
;
語音紀錄形式
原始連結:
連回原系統網址
相關次數:
被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
排除自我引用:0
共同引用:0
點閱:41
長久以來孩童字彙一直被認為以音素形式存在於心理字典中,近來研究卻顯示, 孩童的語言紀錄形式並非一成不變,一開始就以音素形式存在,而是從音節形式漸漸發展到 較小的音素單位。但中文的音節結構十分簡單,在此情況下,說中文孩童的語言紀錄形式, 是否也會由音節轉換為音素?本研究中,以中文為母語的孩童每次記憶三個無意義的雙音節 字。 錯誤分析 (error analysis ) 顯示:(一 ) 孩童較常犯的記憶錯誤,是將原始刺激字 串中的音素重新組合,而非把整個音節位置放錯,可見音節在中文的心理操作中,並非完整 不可分割的單位;(二 ) 原始刺激字串的聲調結構不因音節的內容而改變,顯示聲調與音節 在中文裡並非緊密相結;(三 ) 孩童在低年級階段語音記錄形式之發展尚在進行中,由較完 整的音節單位分割至較小的音素單位。
以文找文
It has long been assumed that children's early words are represented at a phonemic level. However, evidence is showing that phonological representations undergo growth and change, from the more holistic syllabic units to the more segmental, discrete phonemic units. Given that Chinese is a syllabic language with very simple syllabic structure, the question is whether the phonological representations of Chinese-speaking children undergo similar change as that found in other languages. In this study, Chinese-speaking children were given lists of three bisyllabic nonwords for recall. Analyses of children's memory errors showed that errors of recombining consonants and vowels available in the stimulus strings were proportionally more than errors of misordering entire syllables, suggesting that the syllable is not an intact processing unit in memory. The suggestion was reinforced by the findings that the tone structures of the stimulus strings were mostly preserved on recall even when the segmental content was changed. There was also an indication that phonological representations became even more segmental and less syllabic in early grades.
以文找文
期刊論文
1.
Stemberger, Joseph Paul(1989)。Speech errors in early child language production。Journal of Memory and Language,28(2),164-188。
2.
Browman, Catherine、Goldstein, Louis(1989)。Articulatory gestures as phonological units。Phonology,6,201-251。
3.
Gathercole, Susan E.、Baddeley, Alan D.(1990)。The role of phonological memory in vocabulary acquisition: A study of young children learning new names。British Journal of Psychology,81(4),439-454。
4.
Repp, Bruno H.、Lin, Hwei-bing(1990)。Integration of segmental and tonal information in speech perception: A cross-linguistic study。Journal of Phonetics,18(4),481-495。
5.
Treiman, R.、Breaux, A. M.(1982)。Common phoneme and overall similarity relations among spoken syllables: Their use by children and adults。Journal of Psycholinguistic Research,11(6),569-598。
6.
Bao, Zhiming(1990)。Fanqie Languages and Reduplication。Linguistic Inquiry,21(3),317-350。
7.
Hu, C.-F.、Catts, H. W.(1998)。The Role of Phonological Processing in Early Reading Ability: What We Can Learn from Chinese。Scientific Studies of Reading,2(1),55-79。
8.
Nittrouer, S.、Studdert-Kennedy, M.、McGowan, R. S.(1989)。The emergence of phonetic segments: Evidence from the spectral structure of fricative-vowel syllables spoken by children and adults。Journal of Speech and Hearing Research,32,120-132。
9.
Bertoncini, J.、Mehler, J.(1981)。Syllables as units in infant speech perception。Infant Behavior and Development,4,247-260。
10.
Brady, S. A.、Mann, V.、Schmidt, R.(1987)。Errors in short-term memory for good and poor readers。Memory and Cognition,15,604-609。
11.
Gerken, L. A.、Murphy, W. D.、Aslin, R. N.(1995)。Three- and four-year-olds' perceptual confusion for spoken words。Perception and Psychophysics,57,475-486。
12.
Gierut, J. A.(1996)。Categorization and feature specification in phonological acquisition。Journal of Child Language,23,397-415。
13.
Hu, C. F.。Phonological processing and children's reading of Chinese。Studia Linguistica Serica。
14.
Krause, S. E.(1982)。Developmental use of vowel duration as a cue to postvocalic stop consonant voicing。Journal of Speech and Hearing Research,25,388-393。
15.
Nittrouer, S.、Studdert-Kennedy, M.(1987)。The role of coarticulartory effects in the perception of fricatives by children and adults。Journal of Speech and Hearing Research,30,319-329。
16.
Olson, D. R.(1996)。Towards a psychology of literacy: On the relations between speech and writing。Cognition,60,83-104。
17.
Read, C. A.、Zhang, Y.、Nie, H.、Ding, B.(1986)。The ability to manipulate speech sounds depends on knowing alphabetic reading。Cognition,24,31-44。
18.
Repp, B. H.(1986)。Some observations on the development of anticipatory coarticulation。Journal of Acoustical Society of America,79,1616-1619。
19.
Walley, A.、Smith, L.、Jusczyk, P.(1986)。The role of phonemes and syllables in the perceived similarity of speech sounds for children。Memory and Cognition,14,220-229。
20.
Fox, B. J.、Routh, D. K.(1976)。Analyzing spoken language into words, syllables, and phonemes: A developmental study。Journal of Psycholinguistic Research,4(4),331-342。
21.
Hu, C. F.、Catts, H. W.(1993)。Phonological recoding as a universal process: Evidence from beginning readers of Chinese。Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal,5,325-337。
22.
Liberman, Isabelle Y.、Shankweiler, Donald P.、Fischer, F. William、Carter, Bonnie(1974)。Explicit Syllable and Phoneme Segmentation in the Young Child。Journal of Experimental Child Psychology,18(2),201-212。
23.
Stanovich, Keith E.、Cunnigham, Anne E.、Cramer, Barbara B.(1984)。Assessing phonological awareness in kindergarten children: Issues of task comparability。Journal of Experimental Child Psychology,38(2),175-190。
24.
Tan, Li-Hai、Hoosain, R.、Siok, W. W. T.(1996)。Activation of phonological codes before access to character meaning in written Chinese。Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, memory, and Cognition,22(4),865-882。
25.
Treiman, R. A.、Danis, C.(1988)。Short-term memory errors for spoken syllables are affected by the linguistic structure of the syllables。Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning. Memory, and Cognition,14,145-152。
26.
Yip, Moira(1982)。Reduplication and C-V skeleta in Chinese secret languages。Linguistic Inquiry,13(4),637-661。
圖書論文
1.
Ferguson, C. A.(1986)。Discovering sound units and constructing sound systems: It’s child’s play。Invariance and variability in speech processes。Hills-dale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum。
2.
Studdert-Kennedy, M.、Goodell, E. W.(1995)。Gestures, features and segments in early child speech。Speech and reading: A comparative approach。East Sussex, UK:Hove, England:Erlbaum (UK) Taylor & Francis。
3.
Gleitman, L. R.、Rozin, P.(1977)。The structure and acquisition of reading: Relation between orthography and the structured language。Toward a psychology of reading。Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。
4.
Morais, J.(1991)。Phonological awareness: A bridge between language and literacy。Phonological awareness in reading: The evolution of current perspectives。New York:Springer-Verlag。
5.
Shattuck-Hufnagel, D.(1983)。Sublexical units and suprasegmental structure in speech production planning。The production of speech。New York:Springer-Verlag。
6.
Studdert-Kennedy, M.(1987)。The Phoneme as a perceptumotor structure。Language perception and production。London:Academic Press。
7.
Fowler, A. E.(1992)。How early phonological development might set the stage for phoneme awareness。Phonological processes in literacy。Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum。
8.
趙元任(1966)。The Non-Uniqueness of Phonemic Solutions of Phonetic Systems。Readings in Linguistics。Chicago:The University of Chicago Press。
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