本文探討國內船運業與漁業，即使在提高工資水準以及改善員工福利的條件下，仍會面臨船員供給欠缺的困境。利用Lancaster(1966, 1971)的工作特徵(work characteristics)分析法並結合時間限制式，從消費技術 (consumption technology)的觀點，解釋工作特徵是年輕勞動供給者不願意上船工作的原因，同時漁船作業時間超過年輕勞動者的保留工時及薪資給付低於其保留工資，也會造成船員供給的短缺。我們以海事院職校學生為例，經由實證調查分析得到：年輕勞動者的保留工作時間平均每週為43.29小時，平均每日為8.92小時，其最低保留工資平均是114,775元/月，此一結果驗證時間與工作特徵對其選擇漁船工作確實有明顯之影響力量。因此，政府或相關業者在制定船員雇用政策時應考量此等效果之存在，如此才能解決國內船員供給不足之問題。

　　　　　This study took an in-depth look into the problems faced by fisheries, constraints such as drastic crew labor shortage and crew's attributes resulted from weak incentive wage structure and harsh working environment. Unlike previous job searching studies, we extended the theoretical framework for incorporating Lancaster's (1966, 1971) work characteristics and consumption technology factors into traditional labor supply model. In view of these economic impacts on crew labor shortage, we proved time and work characteristic play an important role in young's job searching response. From our survey with maritime students, we found their weekly and daily reserved hours are 43.29 and 8.92 respectively, while the minimum monthly wage being NT4,775. Due to the significant impacts, we suggest current fishery policy and incentive program to coupled with these factors to provide solid reference to help break through these dilemmas and provide a workable recommendation to solve these difficulties.