「則天去私」代表夏日漱石晚年主要人生觀及文學觀，甚至被認為是解讀其大部分 作品之關鍵語。有關「則天去私」之意義，由於夏目漱石本身未留下直接相關文獻，只能依 其弟子之說法及其他間接資料，因此遂有各種角度之解釋。本文認為「則天去私」在人生論 方面，應解釋為「順其自然，去除我執」；在文學論方面，應為「創作態度自然且超越，作 者意志不介入作品」。而將此思想中人生論之部份從中國哲學（儒家，道家，禪）觀點檢證 之後，發現則天去私之思想，與其說有儒家之影響，毋寧說道家中之「天人之學」或禪中之 「心性之學」的色彩更濃。再者，透過分析書信或小品文等等，可知「則天去私」對夏目漱 石而言，雖為一種已能實踐之文學論，但在人生論上，卻只是一句座右銘而已。

　　　　　'Sokutenkyosi' represents a very important literary and philosophical idea of Soseki's later life; it is even recognized as a keyword that decodes the greater part of his works. There are many explanations about this term from different angles, for Soseki himself didn't write anything directly about it. This paper argues that 'sokutenkyosi' means spontaneity and egolessness in terms of life philosophy and, in terms of literary theory, naturalness and transcendence without the author's interference in his own works. After verifying the life philosophy of Confucianism, Taoism and Zen Buddhism against the term, this author concludes that 'sokutenkyosi' is more closely related to both Taoism and Zen Buddhism and that, as his short stories and many of his letters reveal, the term is a literary idea which can be practiced, however, as far as Soseki is concerned, it is just a motto for himself.