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題名:STS活動中共同創造以促進創造力之設計:水果電池
書刊名:科學教育學刊
作者:王澄霞謝昭賢
作者(外文):Wang, Cheng-hsiaHsieh, Chao-hsien
出版日期:1998
卷期:6:2
頁次:頁169-189
主題關鍵詞:共同創造創造性思考技法鷹架策略STS探究實驗Cooperative creationCreative thinking skillsScaffolding strategiesSTS exploratory experiment
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(2) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:2
  • 共同引用共同引用:41
  • 點閱點閱:27
     摘要:此研究之目的為促進創造力而其設計由三個要素所構成:(1)在小組學習及班級共享中,使用鷹架策略、創造性思考技法及以發問激發思考;(2)設計STS探究實驗;(3)以對話、討論,探究及實作為中心的STS活動,共同創造。著者根據五層面二十二過程之創造力表現,評鑑學生之學習成就,並以行動研究找出:(a)創造力表現之證據,並(b)評鑑此研究設計之有效性。 著者規劃酸雨媒體情境和矛盾、挑戰性問題,用以小組及班級合作學習。學生使用認知圖聯結孤立、零星的知識、技能及觀點,找出彼此之相互關聯,建構意義。擴散性思考技法 (如腦力激盪) 促使學生開放性,多層面思考。收斂性思考技法 (如因果法) 篩選、分析及精緻化所提出之意見,發展為可行的構想。各小組確認STS探究題目,設計創造性探究實驗,並向全班提出報告、接受全班的挑戰和批判;個案小組答覆、辯論及修改設計。之後各小組執行所設計之探究實驗。各小組將其成果以壁報展示並由全班同學評鑑。整個過程由直接觀察、錄影記錄、小組學習歷程檔案與同儕評量收集資料。 本文以阿正及個案小組為中心,分析詮釋其創造性思考過程,發現著者之研究設計能增進學生的創造力。個案小組之水果電池探究實驗設計由(a)獨創力,(b)具體性,(c)科學想法,(d)實驗知能,(e)吸引性,及(f)接受度等評鑑。同儕評定水果電池設計符合(a)~(e)之評鑑基準,但水果產地認定不易,水果電池寅際應用之可能性不高,故接受度較差。個案小組接受大家的看法並反省,表示希望進一步探究。
     This research design is to promote creativity and consists of three components: (1) scaffolding strategies, thought provoking questions, and creative thinking skills in small group learning and class sharing; (2) designing STS exploratory experiments; and (3) cooperative creation with dialogue, discussion, and exploration using hands-on, inquiry-based STS activities. Five-phases with 22 processes associated with creativity were used as dynamic guidelines for evaluating learning outcomes. Action research was used to: (1) find evidence of creativity performances; and (2) evaluate effectiveness of the design for promoting creativity. Video-based acid rain context with paradoxical and challenging questions were designed and used for small group and class cooperative learning. Cognitive maps were used to facilitate students' construction of meaning, connections drawn among isolated bits of knowledge, skills, values, and views to help them see the interconnections among them. Divergent thinking skills (e.g., brain storming) were used to promote open-ended, multiple dimensional thinking. Convergent thinking skills (e.g., cause-effect method) were used to screen, analyze, and refine suggested opinions to develop successful ideas. Each small student group identified and designed a creative exploratory experiment and presented it to the class for challenge and criticism. The lead group defended, debated, and revised its design. Then each group performed the designed activities. The results were displayed as posters and evaluated by the class. The whole process was videotaped. Data from direct observation, video-taped records, portfolios, and peer assessments were collected and analyzed. In this study, creative thinking processes of Achen and his small group were interpreted and the author's design was found to significantly improve students' creativity. The case group's design "Fruit Battery" was evaluated for (a) originality, (b) tangibility, (c) scientific thinking, (d) scientific skills, (e) dramatic value, and (f) acceptability. The class ruled that the design meets criteria (a) through (e), but origin of the fruit is difficult to be identified so fruit battery is unlikely to be of practical use, therefore, it is less accept-able. The case group accepted evaluation with reflection and expressed that further investigation will be made.
期刊論文
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2.Smilansky, J.、Naftali, H.(1986)。Inventors versus problem solvers: An empirical investigation。Journal of Creative Behavior,20(3),183-201。  new window
3.Brandt, R. S.(1986)。On creativity and thinking skills: A conversation with David Perkins。Educational Leadership,43(8),12-18。  new window
4.Cronin, L. L.(1989)。Creativity in the science classroom。The Science Teacher,56(2),34-36。  new window
5.Penick, J. E.、Yager, R. E.(1993)。Student growth in creative skills in middle school science。Science Educator,2(1),21-27。  new window
6.王澄霞、謝昭賢(19970600)。以教與學歷程檔案評量STS教師的專業能力及其成長。科學教育學刊,5(2),137-165。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.Mackworth, N. H.(1965)。Originality。American Psychologist,20(1),51-66。  new window
8.王澄霞、謝昭賢(19971000)。以認知圖評量"酸雨"STS教學的學習成就。師大學報. 科學教育類,42,13-29。  延伸查詢new window
9.Kitto, J.、Lok, D.、Rudowicz, E.(1994)。Measuring Creative Thinking: An Activity-Based Approach。Creativity Research Journal,7(1),59-69。  new window
10.McComas, W. F.(1989)。Sparking Creative Thinking with S/T/S Education: The Results of the 1987-88 Chautauqua Workshops。Chautauqua Notes,4(8),1-2。  new window
11.Torrance, E. P.(1963)。Toward the More Humane Education of Gifted Children。Gifted Child Quarterly,7(4),135-145。  new window
12.Wang, C. H.(1997)。Cultivating the Capabilities of Teachers in Developing Student Creativity: Designing an STS Exploratory Experiment。Proceedings of National Science Council, Part D,7(4),1-10。  new window
13.陳文典(19970600)。STS教學教師所需之專業準備。科學教育學刊,5(2),167-189。new window  延伸查詢new window
14.連啟瑞、盧玉玲(19970600)。國小高年級學童對物質類感興趣問題的分析與應用。科學教育學刊,5(2),191-218。new window  延伸查詢new window
15.蘇育任(19970600)。運用模組開發活動培育STS教師之可行性研究。科學教育學刊,5(2),245-266。new window  延伸查詢new window
16.Dailey, A.、Martindale, C.、Borkum, J.(1997)。Creativity, Synesthesia, and Physiognomic Perception。Creativity Research Journal,10(1),1-8。  new window
17.Feldhusen, John F.、Goh, Ban Eng(1995)。Assessing and accessing creativity: An integrative review of theory, research, and development。Creativity Research Journal,8(3),231-247。  new window
18.Ogawa, Masakata、Kuehn-Ebert, C.、Devito, A.(1991)。Differences in Creative Thinking between Japanese and American Fifth Grade Children。Ibaraki University Faculty of Education Bulletin,40,53-59。  new window
19.Reiter-Palmon, Roni、Murnford, Michael D.、Boes, Jennifer O'Connor、Runco, Mark A.(1997)。Problem Construction and Creativity: The Role of Ability, Cue Consistency, and Active Processing。Creativity Research Journal,10(1),9-23。  new window
20.楊榮祥(19950100)。建構論STS和實際教學--西澳的實驗學校一例。科學教育,176,4-17。  延伸查詢new window
21.王澄霞(19950300)。STS活動中之「學」與「教」。科學教育學刊,3(1),115-137。new window  延伸查詢new window
22.Driver, R.、Asoko, H.、Leach, J.、Mortimer, E.、Scott, P.(1994)。Constructing scientific knowledge in the classroom。Educational Researcher,23(7),5-12。  new window
23.Witkin, Herman A.、Moore, C. A.、Goodenough, D. R.、Cox, P. W.(1977)。Field-Dependent and Field-Independent: Cognitive Styles and Their Educational Implications。Review of Educational Research,47(1),1-64。  new window
24.楊坤原、鄭湧涇(19960900)。高一學生認知風格、認知策略與遺傳學學習成就的關係。科學教育學刊,4(2),135-159。new window  延伸查詢new window
會議論文
1.洪志明、鄭淑玲(1997)。開發植物色素STS實驗活動單元。中華民國STS科學教育研討會,(會議日期: 5月3日)。台北市:國立台灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.黃萬居(1997)。國小教師開發「辨認粉末」單元活動之研究。中華民國第一屆化學教育學術研討會。台北市:國立台灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
研究報告
1.Risi, M.(1982)。Macroscole: A Holistic Approach to Science Teaching。Canada, Ottawa:Science Council of Canada。  new window
圖書
1.董奇(1995)。兒童創造力發展心理。臺北:五南圖書出版股份有限公司。  延伸查詢new window
2.Barbe, W. B.(1985)。Growing Up Learning: The Keys to Your Child's Potential。Washington, D. C.。  new window
3.Guild, P. B.、Garger, S.(1985)。Marching to Different Drummers。Alexandria, VA:Association for Surpervision and Curriculum Development。  new window
4.Wakefield, J. F.(1992)。Creative thinking: Problem solving skills and the arts orientation。Norwood, N. J.:Ablex publishing。  new window
5.Yager, R. E.、Blunck, S. M.、Ajam, M.(1991)。The Iowa Assessment Package for Evaluation Five Domains of Science Education: The University of Iowa。Iowa City, IA:Science Education Center。  new window
6.Harms, N. C.(1977)。Project Synthesis: An Interpretative Consolidation of Research Identifying Needs in Natural Science Education。Boulder, CO:University of Colorado。  new window
其他
1.比賀,佑典(1996)。以教師的指導訓練促進創造性發展(中日技術人力創意發展研習會),台北市:國立台灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Penick, J. E.(1982)。Developing Creativity as a Result of Science Instruction。What Research Says to the Science Teacher。Washington, DC:National Science Teachers Association。  new window
2.Getzels, J. W.、Csikszentmihalyi, M.(1975)。From Problem Solving to Problem Finding。Perspectives in Creativity。Chicago, IL:Aldine Publishers。  new window
3.Yager, R. E.(1992)。The constructivist learning model: A must for STS classrooms。ICASE yearbook: The status of science-technology-society reform efforts around the world。Hong Kong:International Council of Associations for Science Education。  new window
 
 
 
 
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