本文旨在引介英哲學家羅依．巴斯卡的「批判實存論」，焦點則置於社會科學解釋所具有的批判與解放作用的討論上。文中並且從批判的社會科學理論前提預設來對其理論加以闡析，並旁及其他八銅觀點的理論看法，以此試圖舉出其可能面對的內在限制，希望能從中看出其化為一種符合批判理論心中，理想後設科學論述的可能性與努力的方向。

　　　　　This article aims at introducing the 'critical realism' developed mainly by the English philosopher Roy Bhaskar. Discussion is focused on one of his important arguments that the social scientific explanation not only provides the true causal explanation of social phenomena by pointing out the hidden generative mechanism but also has the capacities of criticizing the dominant social structure and after all emancipating human beings from this unwanted and unneeded situation. Attempt has been made to highlight the innate limits of his theory by ascertaining the presumptions of the critical social sciences in general along with some counterpoints presented by other theories. It is hoped that the possibility of which the protagonist theory as the ideal meta-science discourse propounded by critical theorists can be assessed and how far the discrepancy between them is to be made up for.