This project was designed to improve the procedure of changing chest bottles in order to decrease labor expenditure and cost. The schedule of replacing chest bottles was changed from once per day to once every three days with quality control of infection rate. Change theory and quality control of QUACERS (The Quality Assurance Cost Efficiency Risk Staff Model) were used to guide the implementation of the project. A quasi-experimental design was used to test the effectiveness of the project. Thirty-five post-thoracotomy patients with chest tubes were selected from the thoracic surgical unit of a medical center. The patients were assigned to the control and experimental groups based on the sequence of their transfer from SICU. The results showed that the project saved up to NT$39,757 per month in labor and material cost. Nursing hours decreased 65 hours per month. Time for cleaning the chest bottle also decreased 22 hours per month. There was no significant difference in the infection rate, length of stay, or atelectasis rate between the two groups. In conclusion, this project was effective in simplifying the procedure of changing chest bottles, and decreased cost and nursing hours without causing adverse complications.