Before the Meiji Restoration, Japanese tradition music education was entirely controlled by teachers. Those teachers also played important roles in religious positions. The music had become a symbol of high social class after the influences of Tang Dynasty. After that, people started to learn different types of music from the Three Han, Tang and Sung Dynasties. At the same time, they developed an education system called "Chia Yuan System". The period of time between the Meiji restoration and War World II was the developing stage of Japanese modern age traditional music. Followed by the Meiji restoration, education has become a part of system. Teacher preparation system was similar to the modern one. Unfortunately, traditional music was not the mainstream in music education because the influences of western culture. Fortunately, "Chia Yuan System" maintained the spirits of traditional music well. After the country was prosperous, people st ted to make a reflection on traditional culture. Traditional music had become an important part of music education. After War World II, Japanese tried to seek a balance between western and traditional music, and arrange curriculum and departments in universities. At the same time, both "Chia Yuan System" and traditional music had changed to meet the needs for the people. All of this had incorporated the efforts of governments, people, and music educators. Essentially, the development of Japanese music had two categories. The beginning period is traditional music including ceremonial music, common music. The second sta is western music including ceremonial music, and traditional common music. The methods for music teacher preparation was different at different periods. Finally, the author explains the differences between the "Chia Yuan System" and official system on music teacher qualification. She suggests the two systems can be combined together as a perfect education system.