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題名:
大學生發展成熟的人際關係中親密性能力的發展:自我揭露與自主性之年級與性別差異的探討
書刊名:
教育心理學報
作者:
邱文彬
/
林美珍
作者(外文):
Chiou, Wen-bin
/
Lin, Mei-jen
出版日期:
1999
卷期:
31:1
頁次:
頁37-55+57-62
主題關鍵詞:
大學生
;
人際關係
;
自我揭露
;
自主性
;
College students
;
Interpersonal relations
;
Self-disclosure
;
Autonomy
原始連結:
連回原系統網址
相關次數:
被引用次數:期刊(
7
) 博士論文(
2
) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
排除自我引用:
5
共同引用:
14
點閱:152
本研究主要目的在探討大學生發展成熟人際關係的過程中,建立親密性能力之自 我揭露與自主性是否有年級與性別差異。受試為353位的大學生,採用問卷法進行研究。以 性別與年級為自變項,自我揭露(包括廣度與深度)與自主性(包括情緒獨立性,工具獨立性, 與相互依賴性)為依變項,進行二因子變異數分析,結果發現:(l)在自我揭霧的廣度方面,性 別與年級交互作用達顯著,大四男生在自我揭露的廣度比大一與大二、大三男生要高,但不 同年級的女性大學生沒有顯著差異。在自我揭露的深度方面,性別與年級交互作用達顯著, 不同年級的男性大學生沒有顯著差異,大四女生在自我揭露的深度比大一與大二、大三女生 要高。(2)在自主性的情緒獨立性方面,大一、大二、大三學生在情緒獨立性的表現比大四要 高;性別與年級交互作用達顯著,大一、大二、大三男生的情緒獨立性比大四男生要高,女性 則是大二、大三比大四要高。在自主性的工具獨立性方面,大四學生比大一、大二、大三要 高,大二、大三學生又比大一要高:性別與年級交互作用達顯著.大四男生的工具獨立性比大 一、大二、大三男生要高,大二、大三、大四女生的工具獨立性比大一女生要高,在自主性 的相互依賴性之「避免相互干涉、競爭」因素方面,大一學生的表現比大二、大三、大四要 低。
以文找文
The purpose of this study was to investigate the sex and grade differences on self- disclosure and autonomy while college students were developing mature interpersonal relations. Subjects were 352 college students. Questionnaire was used as the research method. Two-way ANOVA was used for data analysis, sex and grade were independent variables, self-disclosure (including the width and deep of self-disclosure) and autonomy (including emotional independence, instrumental independence, and interdependence) were dependent variables. The results were: (1)In the width of self-disclosure, there was an interaction effect between sex and grade, senior male students disclosed wider than freshman, sophomore and junior ones when interacted with peers, but the there was no grade differences of female students. In the deep of self-disclosure, there was also an interaction effect between sex and grade, there were no grade differences of male students, but senior female students disclosed deeper than freshman, sophomore and junior ones when interacted with peers. (2) In the emotional independence of autonomy, sex differences were not significant but grade differences existed, the emotional independence of freshman、sophomore and junior was higher than senior. There was an interaction effect between sex and grade on the emotional independence, the emotional independence of freshmant, sophomore and junior male students was higher than senior ones, the emotional independence of sophomore and junior female students was higher than senior ones. In the instrumental independence of autonomy, sex differences were not significant but grade differences existed, the instrumental independence of senior was higher than sophomore and junior ones, the instrumental independence of sophomore and junior vas higher than freshman. There was an interaction effect between sex and grade on the instrumental independence, the instrumental independence of senior male students was higher than freshman sophomore and junior ones, the instrumental independence of senior junior and sophomore female students was higher than freshman female ones. In the interdependence of autonomy, the "voidance of mutual interference and competition" factor of interdependence of freshman was lower than sophomore.
以文找文
期刊論文
1.
Winston, R. B. Jr.(1990)。The Student Development Task and Lifestyle Inventory: An approach to measuring students' psychosocial development。Journal of College Student Development,31,108-120。
2.
Greelley, A. T.、Tinsley, H.(1983)。Autonomy and Intimacy Development in College Students: Sex Differences and Predictors。Journal of College Student Development,29,512-520。
3.
Kramer, D. A.(1983)。Post-formal operations? A need for further conceptualization。Human Development,26,91-105。
4.
Park, E. J.(1995)。Voices of Korean-American students。Adolescence,30,945-953。
5.
Barker, R. G.(1982)。The importance of developmental learning theories to industrial arts educators。Man Society Technology,41(6),9-12。
6.
柯永河(19730000)。Birth order and Psychological needs。中華心理學刊,15,68-80。
延伸查詢
7.
Callahan, D.(1981)。Minimalist ethics。The Hastings Center Report,11,19-25。
8.
Enns, C. Z.(1992)。Self-esteem groups: A synthesis of consciousness- raising and assertiveness training。Journal of Counse ling and Development,71,7-13。
9.
Pennebaker, J. W.、Colder, M.、Sharp, L. K.(1988)。Accelerating the coping process。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,58,528-537。
10.
Pennebaker, J. W.、Suaman, J. R.(1988)。Disclosure of traumas and psychosomatic processes。Social Science and Medicine,26,327-332。
11.
Petronio, Sandra、Martin, Judith N.(1986)。Ramifications of revealing private information: A gender gap。Journal of Clinical Psychology,42(3),499-506。
12.
Pollard, K. D.、Benton, S. E.、Hinz, K.(1983)。The assessment of developmental tasks of students in remedial and regular programs。Journal of College Student Personnel,24,20-23。
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Selman, R.、Byme, D. F. A.(1974)。A structural-developmental analysis of levels of roletaking in middle childhood。Child Development,45,803-806。
14.
Straub, C. A.(1987)。Women's development of autonomy and Chickering's theory。Journal of College Student Personnel,28,198-205。
15.
Straub, C. A.、Rodgers, R. F.(1986)。An exploration of Chickering's theory and women's development。Journal of College Student Personnel,27,216-224。
16.
Thurstone, L. L.(1925)。A method of scaling psychological and educational tests。Educational Psychology,16,433-451。
17.
Weiss, R. S.(1990)。Multiple networks and substance use。Journal of Social and Clinical P5ychology,9,78-90。
18.
Sharma, S.、Monsen, R. B.、Gary, B.(1977)。Comparison of attitudes toward death and dying among nursing majors and other college students。Omega: Journal of Death and Dying,34,219-232。
19.
楊牧貞、黃光國(19800600)。自我揭露的楔型模式及其相關變項。中華心理學刊,22(1),51-70。
延伸查詢
20.
Blos, P.(1967)。The second individuation process of adolescence。Psychoanalytic Study of the Child,22(1),162-186。
圖書
1.
丁興祥、李美枝、陳皎眉(1995)。社會心理學。臺北:國立空中大學。
延伸查詢
2.
余英時(1984)。從價值系統看中國文化的現代意義。臺北:時報文化出版公司。
延伸查詢
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Miller, Jean Baker(1976)。Toward a new psychology of women。Boston, Massachusetts:Beacon Press。
4.
黃德祥(1997)。青少年發展與輔導。臺北市:五南圖書出版有限公司。
延伸查詢
5.
Ausubel, David P.(1954)。Theory and Problems of Adolescent Development。New York:Grune & Stratton Press。
6.
Hopkins, J. R.(1983)。Adolescence: The transitional years。New York:Academic Press。
7.
Kohlberg, L.(1981)。Essays on moral development, Vol. 1: The philosophy of moral development。San Francisco, CA:Harper & Row。
8.
Winston, R. B. Jr.、Miller, T. K.、Prince, J. S.(1987)。Student developmental task and lifestyle inventory manual。Athens, GA:Student Development Association。
9.
Levinger, George Klaus、Snoek, J. Diedrick(1972)。Attraction in relationship: A new look at interpersonal attraction。General Learning Press。
10.
Basséchés, M.(1984)。Dialectical thinking and adult development。Norwood, NJ:Ablex。
11.
Erikson, E. H.(1968)。Youth and Crisis。New York:Norton。
12.
李亦園、楊國樞、文崇一(1985)。現代化與中國化論集。桂冠圖書公司。
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13.
Perry, W. G.(1970)。Forms of intellectual and ethical development in the college years: A scheme。Holt, Rinehart and Winston。
14.
Youniss, James、Smollar, Jacqueline(1985)。Adolescent Relations with Mothers, Fathers, and Friends。Chicago, IL:University of Chicago Press。
15.
Rogers, C. R.(1970)。Carl Rogers on Encounter Groups。New York:Harper & Row。
16.
Altman, I.、Taylor, D. A.(1973)。Social penetration: The development of interpersonal relationships。Holt, Rinehart & Winston。
17.
Derlega, V. J.、Metts, S.、Petronio, S.、Margulis, S. T.(1993)。Self-disclosure。Newbury Park, CA:Sage。
18.
Chickering, A. W.(1969)。Education and identity。San Francisco:Jossey-Bass。
19.
Kegan, Robert(1982)。The evolving self: Problem and process in human development。Harvard University Press。
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李美枝(1987)。社會心理學。台北:大洋出版社。
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21.
Bond, M. H.(1986)。The Psychology of Chinese People。Hong Kong:Oxford University Press。
22.
Havighurst, R. J.(1951)。Developmental tasks and education。New York:David Mckay。
23.
Josselson, R.(1987)。Finding herself。San Francisco, CA:Jossey-Bass。
24.
Pascarella, Ernest T.、Terenzini, Patrick T.(1991)。How college affects students: Findings and insights from twenty years of research。San Francisco, CA:Jossey-Bass。
25.
Jourard, S. M.(1971)。Self-disclosure: An Experimental Analysis of the Transparent Self。Wiley-Interscience。
26.
Chickering, Arthur W.、Reisser, Linda(1993)。Education and Identity。San Francisco, CA:Jossey-Bass。
27.
Gilligan, Carol(1982)。In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women's Development。Harvard University Press。
28.
Sullivan, Harry Stack、Perry, Helen S.、Gawel, M. L.(1953)。The Interpersonal Theory of Psychiatry。Routledge。
圖書論文
1.
金耀基(1988)。人際關係中人情之分析。中國人的心理。臺北:桂冠圖書公司。
延伸查詢
2.
Gergen, Kenneth J.(1980)。The emerging crisis in life-span developmental theory。Life-Span Development and Behavior。Academic Press。
3.
Sinnott, J. D.(1984)。Postformal reasoning: The relativistic stage。Beyond formal operations: Late adolescent and adult cognitive development。Praeger。
4.
Douvan, E.(1981)。Capacity of intimacy。The modern American college。San Francisco:Jossey-Bass。
5.
Schaie, K. W.(1984)。Historical time and cohort effects。Life-span developmental psychology: Historical and generational effects。New York:Academic Press。
6.
Armon, C.(1990)。Individuality and autonomy in adult ethical reasoning。Adult development: Vol. 1. Comparisons and applications of development models。New York:Praeger。
7.
Holtgraves, T.(1990)。The language of self-disclosure。Handbook of language and social psychology。Chichester:John Wiely。
8.
Pennebaker, J. W.、Hoover, C. W.(1985)。Inhibition and cognition: Toward an understanding of trauma and disease。Consciousness and self-regulation。New York:Plenum。
9.
Thompson, E. H.、Pleck, J. H.(1987)。The structure of male role norms。Changing men: New directions in research on men and masculinity。Newbury Park, CA:Sage。
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