Karl Jaspers' idea of an "Axial Age" in ca. 800-200 B.C., when major civilizations in the world went through "transcendental break-through" to renew their vitality till modern times, led to a number of comparative studies of "Axial Age" cultures. In such comparative mode, it has been suggested that Chinese culture had experienced an "incomplete break- through" in comparison with the ancient Hebrew tradition, and that may account for China's difficulty in modernizational break-through. The present study re-examined some major cosmogonic myths (such as P'an-ku and Hun-tun) and mainstream legends (such as the Sage-King Yu of the Hsia). From this, it identified some prevalent themes, such as "the death of cosmos-originators," "cosmos-originations as the result of a mistake, a misdeed, or an evil impulse," "immorality of the god-man," and "radical religio-ideologio-epistemological doubt." These inter-related themes, which underlay many major mythological types, many be linked to the radical, multiple, and drastic socio-political and intellectual-ideological changes in the Spring-and-Autumn and the Warring States eras (770-220 B.C.), when most of these myths were written or re-written, and thus were influenced by the agnostic trends of Warring States "philosophical thinking." But in their pre-textual, oral origins, as primordial religious impulses or archetypal meanings, the proto-types of these myths may be traced to some much earlier traumatic changes such as the violent warfare recorded in the oracle-bone texts of the Shang dynasty (ca. 14th to 11th centuries B.C.) and the resultant destruction of the Shang theocracy, antedating and influencing the so-called "Axial Age break-through." Thus, the "Axial Age break-through" in China may not be a clear- cut break "from the mythical to the rational," "from religion to philosophy," as postulated by Comtean positivism. But as "mythicideological," "theo-philosophic" breaks, away from the "antiquarian" onto the "classical," such changes may be more radical and "transcendental" than the Greek and the Hebrew ones.